Rohaya Afrida Primary Author mixed material bibliography Banda Aceh Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam 2014 id Indonesia

Skripsi

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sitotoksik ekstrak n-heksana, etil asetat dan metanol daun tumbuhan biduri (Calotropis gigantea) terhadap Artemia salina dengan metode Brine shrimp. Daun biduri dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat dan metanol sehingga diperoleh rendemen berturut-turut 1,16%, 1,10% dan 4,22%. Ekstrak etil asetat selanjutnya dipisahkan dengan kromatografi kolom cair vakum, sehingga diperoleh tiga fraksi gabungan yaitu fraksi I, II dan III. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan ekstrak kasar dan fraksi-fraksi ekstrak etil asetat daun biduri mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder golongan alkaloid, terpenoid, fenol dan kumarin. Hasil uji aktivitas sitotoksik menunjukkan ekstrak etil asetat memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik lebih besar dibandingkan ekstrak n-heksana dan metanol dengan nilai LC50 masing-masing sebesar 109,69 ?g/mL, 63,70 ?g/mL dan 110,89 ?g/mL sedangkan untuk fraksi I dan fraksi II adalah 163,26 dan 182,89 ?g/mL. Kata Kunci: Calotropis gigantea, Artemia salina, aktivitas sitotoksik. ABSTRACT This study was intended to find out the cytotoxic activity extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol of Calatropis gigantea leaves against Artemia salina by using Brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method. C. gigantea leaves was macerated using the solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol in order to obtain yield 1.16% , 1.19% and 4.22% respectively. The ethyl acetate extract was separated by using vacuum liquid column chromatography and obtained three combined of fractions, namely fraction I, II and III. Phytochemical test results showed the crude extract and fractions of ethyl acetate extract of C. gigantea leaves containing secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenoids, phenols and coumarins. The BSLT results showed cytotoxic activity of ethyl acetate extract had greatest compare to n-hexane and methanol extracts with LC50 value 63.70, 109.69 and 110.89 ?g/mL, while for fractions I and II were 163.26 and 182.89 ?g/mL respectively. Keywords: Calatropis gigantea, Artemia salina, cytotoxic activity. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 543 ELECTRONIC THESES AND DISSERTATION Universitas Syiah Kuala 5135 2014-04-02 15:55:11 2015-10-15 14:18:59 machine generated