Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Deforestasi dan konversi lahan pertanian menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit milik perusahaan telah membawa perubahan terhadap kehidupan masyarakat lokal di Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mendeskripsikan persepsi masyarakat terhadap deforestasi dan konversi lahan pertanian akibat perkebunan kelapa sawit milik perusahaan di Kabupaten Nagan Raya. 2) Mendeskripsikan dampak kehadiran perkebunan kelapa sawit milik perusahaan terhadap kehidupan sosial masyarakat lokal di Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terhadap 12 informan yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Masyarakat memandang konversi lahan pertanian menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit didorong oleh faktor ekonomi, seperti pendapatan yang lebih menjanjikan, hasil panen yang lebih rutin, dan terbukanya lapangan pekerjaan. Namun, masyarakat juga menyadari adanya dampak berupa berkurangnya lahan pertanian, meningkatnya ketergantungan terhadap kelapa sawit, serta pencemaran lingkungan akibat limbah perusahaan. 2) Kehadiran perkebunan kelapa sawit telah membawa perubahan terhadap kehidupan sosial masyarakat yang ditandai dengan pergeseran mata pencaharian, perubahan pola kerja, perubahan pola interaksi sosial, serta tetap terpeliharanya hubungan sosial melalui berbagai kegiatan kemasyarakatan. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Masyarakat memandang deforestasi dan konversi lahan pertanian memberikan manfaat ekonomi, tetapi juga menimbulkan dampak terhadap lingkungan dan keberlanjutan lahan pertanian; 2) kehadiran perkebunan kelapa sawit memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat, namun juga membawa perubahan negatif terhadap pola interaksi pada kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Saran penelitian ini adalah: 1) Pemerintah daerah dan perusahaan diharapkan lebih memperhatikan pengelolaan lingkungan serta meminimalkan dampak deforestasi dan konversi lahan pertanian melalui kebijakan yang berkelanjutan, sekaligus meningkatkan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat mengenai pentingnya menjaga keseimbangan antara pembangunan ekonomi dan kelestarian lingkungan. 2) Masyarakat diharapkan tetap mempertahankan nilai-nilai kebersamaan, gotong royong, dan hubungan sosial di tengah perubahan mata pencaharian akibat perkembangan perkebunan kelapa sawit. 3) Peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan dapat mengembangkan penelitian mengenai dampak perkebunan kelapa sawit dari aspek ekonomi, budaya, maupun lingkungan dengan cakupan wilayah yang lebih luas.

Deforestation and the conversion of agricultural land into company-owned oil palm plantations have brought significant changes to the lives of local communities in Nagan Raya Regency. Therefore, this study aims to. (1) describe the community's perceptions of deforestation and agricultural land conversion resulting from company-owned oil palm plantations in Nagan Raya Regency. and (2) describe the impact of the presence of company-owned oil palm plantations on the social life of local communities in Nagan Raya Regency. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving 12 informants selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, which consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that. (1) the community perceives the conversion of agricultural land into oil palm plantations as being driven by economic factors, such as higher income opportunities, more regular harvests, and increased employment opportunities. However, the community is also aware of the negative impacts, including the reduction of agricultural land, increased dependence on oil palm cultivation, and environmental pollution caused by the company's activities. and (2) the presence of oil palm plantations has brought changes to the social life of the community, as reflected in shifts in livelihoods, changes in work patterns, changes in social interaction patterns, while social relationships continue to be maintained through various community activities. The study concludes that. (1) the community perceives deforestation and agricultural land conversion as providing economic benefits while simultaneously causing negative impacts on the environment and the sustainability of agricultural land. and (2) the presence of oil palm plantations has contributed positively to improving community welfare but has also led to changes in patterns of social interaction within the community. The study recommends that. (1) local governments and companies should pay greater attention to environmental management and minimize the impacts of deforestation and agricultural land conversion through sustainable policies while increasing public awareness of the importance of balancing economic development with environmental conservation. (2) the community should continue to preserve the values of togetherness, mutual cooperation, and social harmony amidst livelihood changes resulting from the expansion of oil palm plantations. and (3) future researchers are encouraged to conduct further studies on the impacts of oil palm plantations from economic, social, cultural, and environmental perspectives with broader research coverage.