Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Urbanisasi dan peningkatan kepadatan penduduk di kawasan perkotaan dapat memberikan tekanan terhadap kualitas lingkungan dan kenyamanan hunian, sehingga diperlukan kondisi permukiman yang livable. Gampong Laksana merupakan salah satu kawasan permukiman dengan tingkat kepadatan penduduk tinggi di Kecamatan Kuta Alam, Kota Banda Aceh, dengan kepadatan mencapai 16.659 jiwa/km². Kepadatan tersebut berpotensi memengaruhi kenyamanan spasial penghuni melalui keterbatasan ruang, kepadatan bangunan, kebisingan, privasi, serta keterbatasan ruang terbuka hijau (RTH). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kondisi kenyamanan spasial dalam mendukung livable settlement di Gampong Laksana berdasarkan tujuh aspek, yaitu kenyamanan termal, visual, akustik, privasi, keamanan, aksesibilitas, dan RTH. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Data primer diperoleh melalui kuesioner terstruktur kepada 162 responden yang tersebar pada lima dusun di Gampong Laksana dengan teknik proportional stratified random sampling. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui dokumentasi dan data instansi terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Nilai Indeks Kenyamanan Spasial (IKS) sekaligus Indeks Livable Settlement (ILS) Gampong Laksana sebesar 3,24, yang menunjukkan kondisi cukup nyaman dan menjadi dasar penilaian permukiman yang cukup layak huni. Indikator dengan nilai tertinggi adalah aksesibilitas (4,26), diikuti keamanan (4,06) dan kenyamanan visual (3,51), sedangkan nilai terendah terdapat pada RTH (2,42). Berdasarkan analisis per dusun, seluruh dusun berada pada kategori cukup layak huni, dengan nilai IKS tertinggi di Dusun Krueng Wayla sebesar 3,32 dan terendah di Dusun Krueng Aceh sebesar 3,15. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan RTH, kenyamanan termal, kenyamanan akustik, dan privasi melalui penambahan vegetasi, optimalisasi ruang terbuka, serta penataan antarbangunan, dengan tetap mempertahankan aspek aksesibilitas dan keamanan untuk meningkatkan kualitas permukiman menuju kondisi yang lebih livable.
Kata Kunci: kenyamanan spasial, livable settlement, permukiman padat, dusun, perencanaan permukiman, Banda Aceh.

Urbanization in Banda Aceh City has led to increasing settlement density, which may affect environmental quality and residential comfort. Gampong Laksana is one of the most densely populated villages in Kuta Alam District, with a population density of 16,659 inhabitants/km². This condition creates significant spatial pressure and raises concerns regarding the livability of the settlement. Therefore, this study aims to analyze spatial comfort conditions in supporting livable settlement in Gampong Laksana based on accessibility, building density, infrastructure, thermal, visual, and acoustic comfort, safety, privacy, and green open space (GOS). This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires from 162 respondents across five hamlets in Gampong Laksana using probability sampling with proportional stratified random sampling. Secondary data were obtained through documentation and related institutional sources. The results show that the Spatial Comfort Index (SCI) and Livable Settlement Index (LSI) of Gampong Laksana are both 3.24, categorized as moderately comfortable. The highest-scoring dimension is accessibility (4.26), followed by safety (4.06) and visual comfort (3.51), while green open space (GOS) has the lowest score (2.42). At the hamlet level, all hamlets are categorized as moderately comfortable, with the highest SCI recorded in Krueng Wayla Hamlet (3.32) and the lowest in Krueng Aceh Hamlet (3.15). These findings indicate that although Gampong Laksana has several supporting factors for a livable settlement, particularly accessibility and safety, spatial comfort remains constrained by limited green open space, thermal and acoustic conditions, and privacy. The study recommends improving green open spaces, thermal and acoustic comfort, and privacy through additional vegetation, optimization of open spaces, and improved building arrangement, while maintaining the existing strengths in accessibility and safety to improve settlement quality toward a more livable settlement. Keywords: spatial comfort, livable settlement, dense settlement, settlement planning, Banda Aceh