Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Peningkatan populasi lansia membawa dampak pada berbagai aspek kesejahteraan sosial, yang memicu kesepian, berkurangnya partisipasi, serta keterbatasan dukungan keluarga. Di sisi lain, lansia memiliki potensi berupa pengalaman dan nilai kebajikan yang dapat berkontribusi bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kualitas kehidupan sosial lansia dan mengidentifikasi upaya pekerja sosial dalam meningkatkannya di Panti Sosial Rumoh Sejahtera Geunaseh Sayang Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas kehidupan sosial lansia di panti tercermin melalui tiga indikator modal sosial, yaitu jaringan sosial, norma sosial, dan kepercayaan. Jaringan sosial terbentuk melalui interaksi yang intensif antar lansia, pengelola, dan pekerja sosial dalam berbagai aktivitas sehari-hari. Norma sosial diwujudkan melalui kepatuhan lansia terhadap aturan panti, sikap saling menghormati, dan kebiasaan hidup bersama secara tertib. Sementara itu, kepercayaan terlihat dari hubungan yang akrab dan saling mendukung antara lansia dengan sesama penghuni maupun dengan pihak panti. Meskipun demikian, terdapat beberapa faktor yang memengaruhi kualitas kehidupan sosial lansia, seperti kondisi kesehatan fisik yang menurun, perasaan kehilangan keluarga, keterbatasan mobilitas, serta perbedaan karakter antar penghuni. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan sosial lansia, pihak panti melakukan berbagai upaya melalui penyelenggaraan kegiatan sosial, keagamaan, rekreasi, serta pemberian pendampingan dan dukungan psikososial secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kualitas kehidupan sosial lansia di Panti Sosial Rumoh Seujahtera Geunaseh Sayang Banda Aceh tergolong baik karena didukung oleh adanya jaringan sosial yang kuat, norma yang dijalankan bersama, serta tingkat kepercayaan yang tinggi antar penghuni dan pengelola panti. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya yang berkesinambungan untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan sosial lansia agar mereka dapat menjalani masa tua dengan lebih sejahtera dan bermakna.

Kata Kunci: Kualitas Kehidupan Sosial, Lansia, Modal Sosial

The growing elderly population impacts various aspects of social well-being, that lead to loneliness, reduced, participation and limited family support. Conversely, the elderly possess potential derived from their experience and virtues to contribute to society. This study aims to analyze the influence of social capital on the quality of social life among the elderly and to identify the efforts made by social workers to enhance this quality at the Rumoh Sejahtera Geunaseh Sayang Social Care Institution in Banda Aceh. This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the quality of social life for the elderly in the home was reflected in three indicators of social capital: social networks, social norms, and trust. Social networks were formed through intensive interactions between the elderly, managers, and social workers in various daily activities. Social norms were manifested through the elderly's compliance with the home's rules, mutual respect, and the habit of living together in an orderly manner. Meanwhile, trust was evident in the close and mutually supportive relationships between the elderly and fellow residents and with the home's management. However, several factors influenced the quality of social life for the elderly, such as declining physical health, feelings of loss of family, limited mobility, and differences in character between residents. To improve the quality of social life for the elderly, the home made various efforts through organizing social, religious, and recreational activities, as well as providing ongoing psychosocial support and assistance. This study concludes that the quality of social life of the elderly at the Rumoh Seujahtera Geunaseh Sayang Social Home in Banda Aceh is considered good, supported by strong social networks, shared norms, and a high level of trust between residents and the home's management. Therefore, ongoing efforts are needed to maintain and improve the quality of social life of the elderly so they can live a more prosperous and meaningful old age. Keywords: Quality of Social Life, Elderly, Social Capital