Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) merupakan salah satu jenis generator
yang banyak digunakan pada sistem pembangkit energi terbarukan skala kecil
karena memiliki konstruksi sederhana dan biaya perawatan yang rendah. Namun,
SEIG memiliki kelemahan utama berupa regulasi tegangan yang kurang baik,
terutama ketika melayani beban non-linear. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
menganalisis karakteristik tegangan SEIG pada kondisi beban non-linear,
merancang sistem pengendalian tegangan berbasis Voltage Source Converter
(VSC) dengan PI Controller, serta mengevaluasi performa sistem dalam menjaga
kestabilan tegangan terminal generator. Metode penelitian dilakukan menggunakan
simulasi MATLAB/Simulink dengan model sistem yang terdiri atas SEIG,
kapasitor eksitasi, VSC berbasis inverter tiga fasa, PI Controller, serta beban non
linear berupa 6-pulse rectifier dengan beban RC. Parameter PI Controller
ditentukan menggunakan metode Ziegler–Nichols. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan
bahwa sistem SEIG tanpa pengendalian mengalami penurunan tegangan RMS
hingga sekitar 165 V pada pembebanan maksimum dengan deviasi tegangan lebih
dari 58%. Setelah menggunakan PI Controller berbasis VSC, tegangan terminal
generator dapat dipertahankan pada kisaran 385–392 V dengan deviasi tegangan
sebesar 2–3,5%. Selain itu, sistem menghasilkan maximum overshoot sebesar
0,5%, settling time sekitar 0,18 detik, dan steady-state error sebesar 0,35%. Hasil
tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengendalian PI berbasis VSC mampu
meningkatkan kestabilan tegangan terminal SEIG pada kondisi beban non-linear.
Evaluasi kinerja pada penelitian ini difokuskan pada analisis tegangan RMS dan
kestabilan tegangan terminal, tanpa membahas kualitas daya seperti harmonisa
maupun Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).

Kata kunci: Self-Excited Induction Generator, Pengendalian Tegangan, Voltage
Source Converter, PI Controller, Beban Non-Linear.

Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) is a type of generator that is widely used in small-scale renewable energy generation systems because it has a simple construction and low maintenance costs. However, SEIG has a major weakness in the form of poor voltage regulation, especially when serving non-linear loads. This study aims to analyze the voltage characteristics of SEIG under non-linear load conditions, design a voltage control system based on a Voltage Source Converter (VSC) with a PI Controller, and evaluate the system's performance in maintaining the stability of the generator terminal voltage. The research method was carried out using MATLAB/Simulink simulations with a system model consisting of SEIG, excitation capacitor, three-phase inverter-based VSC, PI Controller, and non linear load in the form of a 6-pulse rectifier with an RC load. The PI Controller parameters were determined using the Ziegler–Nichols method. The simulation results show that the SEIG system without control experiences a RMS voltage drop of up to approximately 165 V at maximum load with a voltage deviation of more than 58%. After using the VSC-based PI Controller, the generator terminal voltage can be maintained in the range of 385–392 V with a voltage deviation of 2–3.5%. In addition, the system produces a maximum overshoot of 0.5%, a settling time of approximately 0.18 seconds, and a steady-state error of 0.35%. These results indicate that the VSC-based PI control system is capable of improving the stability of the SEIG terminal voltage under non-linear load conditions. The performance evaluation in this study focuses on the analysis of RMS voltage and terminal voltage stability, without discussing power quality such as harmonics and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). Keywords: Self-Excited Induction Generator, Voltage Control, Voltage Source Converter, PI Controller, Non-Linear Load.