Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penyinaran light emitting diode (LED) selama kultur in vitro diketahui dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi senyawa metabolit sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon morfologis dan kandungan metabolit sekunder tanaman nilam hasil kultur in vitro pasca penyinaran LED pada tahap aklimatisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimental, disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) non-faktorial. Perlakuan penyinaran dilakukan saat fase in vitro yang terdiri dari lampu fluorescens (L0), LED putih (L1), LED merah (L2), dan LED biru (L3). Aklimatisasi planlet dilaksanakan setelah usia planlet ± 2 bulan selama lima minggu. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan karakter morfologis tanaman menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan L2 memberikan hasil terbaik diantara perlakuan lainnya, didapatkan peningkatan yang signifikan pada parameter jumlah daun, panjang daun, tinggi tanaman, dan diameter batang. Penyinaran LED biru menunjukkan karakter morfologi baik setelah perlakuan LED merah, menunjukkan arah perubahan yang meningkat walaupun tidak ada yang signifikan seperti pada parameter jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, dan diameter batang serta hasil ini hanya dapat dinyatakan secara deskriptif. Metabolit sekunder yang didapatkan dari hasil uji GC-MS nilam menunjukkan bahwa metabolisme planlet nilam lima minggu mengandung senyawa Pogostone (putative) dan komponen lipid-hidrokarbon daripada PA. Pola tersebut sesuai dengan tahap perkembangan tanaman yang masih muda. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberi manfaat sebagai dasar pertimbangan dalam memilih penggunaan LED yang tepat selama masa in vitro hingga ex vitro.


kata kunci: Aklimatisasi, LED, kultur in vitro, morfologis, metabolit sekunder, Nilam

Exposure to light-emitting diode (LED) light during in vitro culture is known to affect the growth and production of secondary metabolites. This study aimed to determine the morphological response and secondary metabolite content of patchouli plants grown in vitro following LED exposure during the acclimatization stage. This study employed a quantitative approach using an experimental method, designed as a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD). Irradiation treatments were applied during the in vitro phase and consisted of fluorescent lamps (L0), white LEDs (L1), red LEDs (L2), and blue LEDs (L3). Planlet acclimatization was carried out after the planlets were approximately 2 months old and lasted for five weeks. The results based on plant morphological characteristics showed that treatment L2 yielded the best results among the other treatments, with significant increases observed in the parameters of leaf number, leaf length, plant height, and stem diameter. Blue LED illumination revealed favorable morphological characteristics following red LED treatment, indicating a trend toward improvement—albeit not statistically significant—in parameters such as the number of leaves, plant height, and stem diameter; these results can only be described descriptively. Secondary metabolites obtained from GC-MS analysis of patchouli indicated that the metabolism of five-week-old patchouli plantlets contained the compound Pogostone (putative) and lipid-hydrocarbon components rather than PA. This pattern is consistent with the developmental stage of young plants. This study is expected to provide a basis for selecting the appropriate LED treatment during the in vitro to ex vitro stages. Keywords: Acclimatization, LED, in vitro culture, morphological, secondary metabolites, Patchouli