Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Lobster (Panulirus spp.) merupakan komoditas perikanan bernilai ekonomi tinggi di Aceh, namun pemasarannya masih menghadapi tantangan berupa variasi margin pemasaran, distribusi nilai yang belum merata, serta pentingnya menjaga pemanfaatan sumber daya sesuai ukuran layak tangkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola pemasaran melalui margin pemasaran, farmer’s share, dan efisiensi pemasaran, serta mengevaluasi optimalisasi pemanfaatan sumber daya berdasarkan komposisi spesies dan kelayakan tangkap. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada April–Desember 2025 menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan purposive sampling terhadap 9 responden dan pengamatan biologis pada 30 individu lobster. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dua saluran pemasaran, yaitu jalur langsung dari nelayan pemasok dan jalur tidak langsung melalui agen pengumpul. Margin pemasaran berkisar Rp140.000–Rp250.000/kg, farmer’s share 54,05–57,78%, dan seluruh saluran tergolong efisien (Ep 0,2909–0,5000). Komposisi tangkapan terdiri atas lima spesies Panulirus dengan dominasi P. homarus sebesar 56,08%. Analisis panjang-berat menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan allometrik negatif dengan R² sebesar 0,9908, sedangkan 90% sampel telah memenuhi ukuran layak tangkap. Temuan baru penelitian ini adalah pengintegrasian indikator efisiensi pemasaran dengan indikator biologis kelayakan tangkap dalam satu analisis sehingga memberikan gambaran menyeluruh mengenai kinerja pemasaran dan keberlanjutan pemanfaatan lobster. Implikasi penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemasaran yang efisien perlu dipertahankan melalui pengawasan ukuran tangkapan agar nilai ekonomi meningkat tanpa mengabaikan keberlanjutan sumber daya.

Kata kunci: Pola Pemasaran, Margin Pemasaran, Farmer’s Share, Efisiensi Pemasaran, Kelayakan Tangkap, Lobster (Panulirus spp), CV. Kana Cahaya Bahari.

Lobster (Panulirus spp.) is a flagship capture fisheries commodity in Aceh with high economic value, yet its marketing chain still faces challenges of distribution inefficiency and the potential exploitation of undersized lobsters. This study aims to analyze marketing patterns including marketing margin, farmer's share, and marketing efficiency, as well as to analyze efforts to optimize lobster as a fishery resource at CV. Kana Cahaya Bahari based on its catch suitability level. This research was conducted at CV. Kana Cahaya Bahari, Banda Aceh City, from April to December 2025. The method used in this study was a quantitative descriptive method with a purposive sampling technique involving 9 respondents and biological sample observations of 30 lobster individuals. The results showed that there are two marketing channels, namely a direct channel from supplier fishermen and an indirect channel through collector agents. The total marketing margin varied between IDR 140,000 per kg (Panulirus homarus) and IDR 250,000 per kg (Panulirus ornatus). The farmer's share value received by fishermen ranged from 54.05% to 57.78%. All marketing channels were declared efficient with marketing efficiency values ranging from 0.2909 to 0.5000 (Ep < 1). The catch composition consisted of 5 Panulirus species dominated by sand lobster (Panulirus homarus) at 56.08%. The length-weight relationship resulted in the equation W = 18.3217 L^(1,1662 )with a coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.9908, describing a negative allometric growth pattern. Based on catch suitability according to the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation Number 17 of 2021, a total of 27 lobsters (90.0%) were categorized as suitable for catch and 3 lobsters (10.0%) were declared unsuitable. Keywords: Marketing Patterns, Marketing Margin, Farmer’s Share, Marketing Efficiency, Catch Suitability, Lobster (Panulirus spp.), CV. Kana Cahaya.