Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Perubahan iklim global berdampak signifikan terhadap variabilitas curah hujan, memicu pergeseran pola tanam, dan meningkatkan risiko gagal panen. Sebagai wilayah agraris, Kabupaten Aceh Besar sangat bergantung pada curah hujan musiman sehingga rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengidentifikasi variabilitas curah hujan di Kabupaten Aceh Besar, dan (2) mengidentifikasi perubahan tipe iklim berdasarkan metode Schmidt-Ferguson dan Oldeman. Penelitian ini menggunakan data satelit Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipition with Station (CHIRPS) tahun 1990–2022. Hasil analisis variabilitas curah hujan menggunakan Coefficient of Variation (CV) menunjukkan bahwa curah hujan di Kabupaten Aceh Besar mengalami fluktuasi antar tahun pada setiap bulan, namun secara umum masih berada pada kategori variabilitas sedang dengan tipe pola hujan monsunal. Analisis klasifikasi iklim metode Schmidt-Ferguson menunjukkan seluruh kecamatan (100%) secara konsisten berada dalam Tipe Iklim A (Sangat Basah) dengan nilai 0 ≤

Global climate change significantly impacts rainfall variability, triggers shifts in cropping patterns, and increases the risk of crop failure. As an agrarian region, Aceh Besar Regency relies heavily on seasonal rainfall, making it vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. This study aims to: (1) identify rainfall variability in Aceh Besar Regency, and (2) identify changes in climate types using the Schmidt- Ferguson and Oldeman methods. The study utilizes satellite data from the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) dataset covering the period from 1990 to 2022. Analysis of rainfall variability using the Coefficient of Variation (CV) indicates that rainfall in Aceh Besar Regency fluctuates inter- annually across all months; however, it generally falls within the moderate variability category and exhibits a monsoonal rainfall pattern. Climate classification analysis using the Schmidt-Ferguson method reveals that all districts (100%) consistently fall under Climate Type A (Very Wet), with values of 0 ≤ Q < 0.143; notably, a complete absence of dry months was observed across all districts during the most recent period (2012–2022). Conversely, the Oldeman method identifies two contrasting agro-climatological zones: coastal and urban areas consistently exhibit a dry climate (Types E3, E4, and D3)—recommended for only one secondary crop palawija planting per year—while inland and mountainous zones show a trend of intensifying wet periods (Types C1 and B1), offering the potential for two rice plantings annually. The study concludes that the stark differences in wet-month duration across regions necessitate the implementation of specific, adaptive cropping systems in each district to maximize yields while mitigating the risk of crop failure. Keywords:CHIRPS, Rainfall Variability, Schmidt-Ferguson, Oldeman, Aceh Besar