Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Banjir bandang merupakan salah satu bencana yang sering terjadi di Provinsi Aceh dan mengakibatkan keterbatasan fasilitas sanitasi di lokasi pengungsian. Toilet darurat yang tersedia umumnya belum memenuhi aspek ergonomi, keamanan, kenyamanan, portabilitas, dan kemudahan penggunaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang toilet darurat portable berbasis ergonomi melalui penerapan House of Ergonomic (HOE), data antropometri, Morphological Chart, dan seleksi konsep. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi lapangan, studi literatur, wawancara, penyebaran kuesioner kepada 100 responden, serta pengukuran antropometri. Sebanyak 28 customer needs berhasil diidentifikasi dan diterjemahkan menjadi 12 technical requirements menggunakan HOE. Dimensi produk ditentukan berdasarkan analisis data antropometri melalui uji keseragaman, uji kecukupan, dan perhitungan persentil. Selanjutnya, empat alternatif desain dikembangkan menggunakan Morphological Chart dan dievaluasi melalui Concept Screening serta Concept Scoring. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa Konsep D memperoleh skor tertinggi sebesar 4,95 sehingga dipilih sebagai desain terbaik. Desain akhir mengusung konstruksi modular knock-down dengan rangka aluminium hollow, panel sandwich, lantai anti-slip, ventilasi silang, pegangan ergonomis, wastafel lipat, dan sistem bio-septic tank portable. Dibandingkan dengan toilet darurat eksisting, desain ini menawarkan peningkatan pada aspek ergonomi, keamanan, sanitasi, portabilitas, kemudahan perakitan, dan kenyamanan pengguna. Dengan demikian, rancangan yang dihasilkan berpotensi menjadi alternatif fasilitas sanitasi yang lebih adaptif untuk mendukung penanganan bencana banjir bandang di Indonesia.

Flash floods are a frequent disaster in Aceh Province, resulting in limited sanitation facilities in evacuation sites. Available emergency toilets generally do not meet ergonomics, safety, comfort, portability, and ease of use. This study aims to design an ergonomically based portable emergency toilet through the application of the House of Ergonomics (HOE), anthropometric data, a Morphological Chart, and concept selection. Data collection was conducted through field observations, literature studies, interviews, questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents, and anthropometric measurements. A total of 28 customer needs were identified and translated into 12 technical requirements using the HOE. Product dimensions were determined based on anthropometric data analysis through uniformity tests, adequacy tests, and percentile calculations. Next, four alternative designs were developed using the Morphological Chart and evaluated through Concept Screening and Concept Scoring. The evaluation results showed that Concept D obtained the highest score of 4.95 and was selected as the best design. The final design features a knock-down modular construction with a hollow aluminum frame, sandwich panels, anti-slip flooring, cross-ventilation, ergonomic handles, a fold-down sink, and a portable bio-septic tank system. Compared to existing emergency toilets, this design offers improvements in ergonomics, safety, sanitation, portability, ease of assembly, and user comfort. Thus, the resulting design has the potential to become a more adaptive alternative sanitation facility to support flash flood disaster management in Indonesia.