Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penentuan tarif angkutan laut umumnya menyeimbangkan dua pendekatan yaitu cost-based pricing dan value-based pricing untuk menjamin keberlanjutan usaha operator dan keterjangkauan layanan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada rute penyeberangan Pelabuhan Sinabang – Labuhan Haji (berjarak 85 mil laut). Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah menentukan tarif angkutan penyeberangan yang layak dan berkelanjutan dengan mempertimbangkan komponen biaya operasional kapal secara komprehensif, dikombinasikan dengan analisis ability to pay dan willingness pengguna jasa. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan penyebaran kuesioner kepada 100 responden penumpang kapal di Pelabuhan. Perhitungan ATP menggunakan metode travel cost individual, WTP dihitung berdasarkan rata-rata tertimbang pilihan tarif responden, dan BOK diperoleh dari data sekunder Dinas Perhubungan Aceh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengguna jasa didominasi oleh laki-laki (64%), berusia 21–30 tahun (49%), bekerja sebagai karyawan swasta (35%), berpendidikan SMA/SMK (68%), dengan tujuan perjalanan utama untuk bisnis/pekerjaan (37%) dan pendidikan (27%). Nilai ATP rata-rata diperoleh sebesar Rp 72.127 dan nilai WTP sebesar Rp 66.282. Kondisi tersebut mengindikasikan pengguna termasuk kategori choice riders. Total BOK per armada kapal per tahun diperoleh sebesar Rp 2.153.655.181, dengan komponen biaya BBM sebagai pengeluaran terbesar. Tarif aktual kelas ekonomi (Rp 58.000) berada di bawah nilai WTP dan ATP, sehingga masih terdapat ruang penyesuaian tarif secara bertahap. Tarif ideal disarankan berada pada rentang Rp 66.282 hingga Rp 72.127, disertai peningkatan kualitas layanan yang nyata guna mendorong kenaikan WTP secara berkelanjutan.

The determination of sea transportation fares generally balances two approaches, namely cost-based pricing and value-based pricing, in order to ensure the sustainability of operators' businesses and the affordability of services. This research focuses on the Sinabang – Labuhan Haji Port crossing route, with a distance of 85 nautical miles. The main objective of this research is to determine a feasible and sustainable ferry crossing fare by comprehensively considering the components of vessel operational costs, combined with an analysis of service users' ability to pay (ATP) and willingness to pay (WTP). The method employed is quantitative, using questionnaires distributed to 100 ship passenger respondents at the port. ATP was calculated using the individual travel cost method, WTP was calculated based on the weighted average of respondents' fare preferences, and operational costs (BOK) were obtained from secondary data provided by the Aceh Transportation Agency. The results show that service users are dominated by males (64%), aged 21–30 years (49%), working as private employees (35%), with a senior high school education (68%), with the main travel purposes being business/work (37%) and education (27%). The average ATP value obtained was Rp 72,127, while the average WTP value was Rp 66,282. This condition indicates that users fall into the choice riders category. The total operational cost per vessel per year was found to be Rp 2,153,655,181, with fuel cost as the largest expenditure component. The actual economy class fare (Rp 58,000) is below both the WTP and ATP values, indicating that there remains room for gradual fare adjustment. The ideal fare is recommended to range between Rp 66,282 and Rp 72,127, accompanied by tangible improvements in service quality to sustainably encourage an increase in WTP.