Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Praktik money politic masih menjadi salah satu tantangan utama dalam penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah (Pilkada) karena dapat mencederai prinsip demokrasi yang jujur, adil, dan berintegritas. Kondisi tersebut menuntut peran Panitia Pengawas Pemilihan (Panwaslih) sebagai lembaga pengawas yang bertugas melakukan pencegahan dan pengawasan terhadap berbagai bentuk pelanggaran pemilihan, termasuk praktik politik uang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas kinerja Panwaslih Kota Banda Aceh dalam pencegahan money politic pada Pilkada Tahun 2024 serta mengidentifikasi berbagai hambatan yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan tugas tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori efektivitas organisasi Richard M. Steers dengan indikator pencapaian tujuan, integrasi, dan adaptasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi terhadap Ketua Panwaslih, komisioner Panwaslih, akademisi, organisasi masyarakat sipil, serta masyarakat Kota Banda Aceh. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja Panwaslih Kota Banda Aceh dalam pencegahan money politic telah berjalan cukup efektif melalui kegiatan sosialisasi, pengawasan partisipatif, patroli pengawasan, serta penanganan laporan dugaan pelanggaran. Namun, efektivitas tersebut belum optimal karena masih ditemukan dugaan praktik politik uang, rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam melaporkan pelanggaran, keterbatasan alat bukti, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia dan anggaran, serta kendala koordinasi dalam proses pembuktian. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan koordinasi antarlembaga, peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat, pengembangan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, serta optimalisasi strategi pencegahan guna mewujudkan Pilkada yang berintegritas dan bebas dari praktik money politic.
Kata Kunci: Efektivitas; Kinerja Panwaslih; Pencegahan Money Politic; Pilkada 2024; Pengawasan Pemilu.

Money politics remains one of the major challenges in regional head elections because it undermines the principles of fair, honest, and democratic elections. This condition highlights the important role of the Election Supervisory Committee (Panwaslih) as the institution responsible for supervising and preventing electoral violations, particularly money politics. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Banda Aceh Election Supervisory Committee in preventing money politics during the 2024 Regional Head Election and to identify the obstacles encountered in carrying out its supervisory functions. The study applies Richard M. Steers' organizational effectiveness theory, which consists of three indicators: goal achievement, integration, and adaptation. This research employed a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving the Chairperson of Panwaslih, Panwaslih commissioners, academics, civil society organizations, and members of the public in Banda Aceh. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the performance of Panwaslih in preventing money politics was fairly effective through public outreach, participatory supervision, monitoring patrols, and the handling of alleged electoral violations. Nevertheless, the effectiveness has not yet been fully optimized due to the persistence of alleged money politics practices, limited public participation in reporting violations, insufficient supporting evidence, limited human resources and budget, as well as coordination challenges during the verification process. Therefore, stronger institutional coordination, greater public participation, improved human resource capacity, and more effective preventive strategies are required to ensure the integrity of future regional elections. Keywords: Effectiveness; Panwaslih Performance; Money Politics Prevention; 2024 Regional Head Election; Election Supervision.