Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kenyamanan termal anak pada bangunan sekolah tropis yang mengandalkan ventilasi alami menjadi isu penting seiring perubahan iklim. Aceh Islamic Nature School menerapkan ruang kelas semi-terbuka sebagai strategi desain pasif, dengan tipologi ruang berupa bukaan tiga sisi tanpa selubung, selubung kayu, dan dominasi dinding kaca. Namun, kajian mengenai kinerja termal dan persepsi kenyamanan anak pada lingkungan tersebut masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kinerja termal pasif pada berbagai tipologi ruang kelas semi-terbuka serta mengidentifikasi persepsi kenyamanan termal anak berdasarkan Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif komparatif melalui pengukuran suhu udara, kelembapan relatif, dan kecepatan udara untuk menghitung Effective Temperature (ET), serta kuesioner Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV), Thermal Acceptance, dan Thermal Preference kepada 37 siswa. Enam wali kelas juga dilibatkan untuk memprediksi kondisi kenyamanan termal siswa. Hasil menunjukkan ruang dengan selubung dan vegetasi peneduh memiliki ET lebih rendah (25,0–27,1°C) dibandingkan ruang berdinding kaca (28,5–28,8°C). Analisis regresi menghasilkan TSV = 0,2208 × ET − 6,2322 (R² = 0,5521), dengan suhu netral siswa sebesar 28,22°C. Persepsi siswa bergeser dari netral pada pagi hari (TSV −0,11) menjadi agak hangat pada siang hari (TSV +0,69). Kesesuaian persepsi siswa dan guru tergolong tinggi, dengan 72,2% siswa dan 75,7% guru menilai kondisi termal “biasa saja”. Adaptasi utama pada kondisi panas adalah minum air (55,6%) dan mengipasi tubuh (38,9%). Temuan menunjukkan bahwa desain pasif berkontribusi terhadap kenyamanan termal anak, meskipun belum optimal pada siang hari, serta dapat menjadi masukan bagi perancangan bangunan pendidikan tropis yang responsif terhadap kebutuhan termal anak.
Kata Kunci : kenyamanan termal; anak; ruang kelas semi-terbuka; iklim tropis.

Thermal comfort of children in tropical school buildings that rely on natural ventilation has become an important issue amid climate change. Aceh Islamic Nature School applies semi-open classrooms as a passive design strategy, with room typologies consisting of three-sided openings without enclosure, wooden enclosure, and predominantly glass walls. However, studies on thermal performance and children’s comfort perception in such environments remain limited. This study aims to analyze the passive thermal performance of various semi-open classroom typologies and identify children’s thermal comfort perception based on Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV). A quantitative descriptive-comparative approach was employed through measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity to calculate Effective Temperature (ET), along with questionnaires on Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV), Thermal Acceptance, and Thermal Preference administered to 37 students. Six homeroom teachers were also involved to predict the students’ thermal comfort conditions. The results show that rooms with enclosure and shading vegetation had lower ET (25.0–27.1°C) than predominantly glass-walled rooms (28.5–28.8°C). Regression analysis yielded TSV = 0.2208 × ET − 6.2322 (R² = 0.5521), with a neutral temperature of 28.22°C for students. Students’ perception shifted from neutral in the morning (TSV −0.11) to slightly warm at midday (TSV +0.69). Agreement between student and teacher perceptions was high, with 72.2% of students and 75.7% of teachers rating the thermal condition as “neutral.” The main adaptations to hot conditions were drinking water (55.6%) and fanning themselves (38.9%). The findings indicate that passive design contributes to children’s thermal comfort, although it remains suboptimal at midday, and provide input for designing tropical educational buildings responsive to children’s thermal comfort needs. Keywords: thermal comfort; children; semi-open classrooms; tropical climate.