Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kecamatan Meuraxa merupakan kawasan di Kota Banda Aceh yang memiliki nilai historis tinggi sebagai wilayah yang terdampak langsung bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami 26 Desember 2004. Kawasan ini menyimpan berbagai situs bersejarah, seperti Masjid Jami’ Baiturrahim dan Kuburan Massal, yang memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai destinasi wisata sejarah, edukasi. Namun, pengelolaan kawasan masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, antara lain belum optimalnya kualitas fasilitas pendukung, serta penyediaan informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik kawasan wisata situs tsunami di Kecamatan Meuraxa melalui penilaian kondisi setiap objek wisata dan keterhubungan antarobjek sebagai dasar pengembangan kawasan wisata yang lebih terintegrasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dua pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, kuesioner, dan studi dokumen skunder. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada tujuh objek utama, Masjid Jami’ Baiturrahim, Kuburan Massal, Escape Building, Kawasan rekreasi, Rumah bantuan tsunami, Perumahan Lambung, Kolam penampungan Kota Banda Aceh, untuk mengkaji kualitas objek wisata dilakukan menggunakan konsep 4A (Attraction, Accessibility, Amenities, dan Ancillary), sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman serta data kuantitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Masjid Jami' Baiturrahim dan Kuburan Massal merupakan objek wisata dengan kualitas tertinggi berdasarkan konsep 4A, terutama pada aspek daya tarik dan aksesibilitas. Escape Building dan Kawasan rekreasi berada pada kategori baik, sedangkan Rumah bantuan tsunami, Perumahan Lambung, dan Kolam penampungan Kota Banda Aceh masih memerlukan peningkatan kualitas, khususnya pada aspek amenitas dan pelayanan pendukung. Analisis keterhubungan antarobjek wisata menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar objek memiliki tingkat kemudahan pencapaian yang baik, namun integrasi kawasan belum optimal akibat keterbatasan rambu penunjuk arah, fasilitas pendukung perjalanan wisata, dan sistem informasi kawasan. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan kawasan perlu diarahkan pada peningkatan kualitas infrastruktur, penguatan identitas kawasan, penyediaan fasilitas pendukung, serta pengembangan jaringan wisata terpadu guna mewujudkan kawasan wisata situs tsunami yang berkelanjutan dan memiliki daya saing.

Kata Kunci: karakteristik kawasan wisata, wisata situs tsunami, konsep 4A, keterhubungan objek wisata

Meuraxa District is an area in Banda Aceh City that has high historical value as an area directly affected by the December 26, 2004 earthquake and tsunami. This area holds various historical sites, such as the Jami' Baiturrahim Mosque and the Mass Cemetery, which have great potential to be developed as a historical and educational tourist destination. However, the management of the area still faces various obstacles, including the lack of optimal quality of supporting facilities, as well as the provision of information. This study aims to identify the characteristics of tsunami site tourist areas in Meuraxa District through an assessment of the condition of each tourist attraction and the interconnection between objects as the basis for the development of a more integrated tourist area. The research methods used are two qualitative and quantitative approaches, with data collection through interviews, questionnaires, and secondary document studies. This study focuses on seven main objects, Jami' Baiturrahim Mosque, Mass Cemetery, Escape Building, Recreation area, Tsunami relief house, Lambung Housing, Banda Aceh City shelter pool, to examine the quality of tourist attractions is carried out using the concept of 4A (Attraction, Accessibility, Amenities, and Ancillary), while qualitative data is analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model and quantitative data is analyzed descriptively. The results of the study show that the Jami' Baiturrahim Mosque and the Mass Cemetery are the highest quality tourist attractions based on the 4A concept, especially in terms of attraction and accessibility. Escape Buildings and Recreation Areas are in the good category, while Tsunami Relief Houses, Lambung Housing, and Reservoirs in Banda Aceh City still need to improve quality, especially in terms of amenities and supporting services. The analysis of the connectivity between tourist attractions shows that most objects have a good level of ease of access, but regional integration is not optimal due to the limitations of directional signs, tourist travel support facilities, and regional information systems. Therefore, regional development needs to be directed at improving the quality of infrastructure, strengthening regional identity, providing supporting facilities, and developing an integrated tourism network to realize a sustainable and competitive tsunami site tourist area. Keywords: tourism area characteristics, tsunami tourism sites, 4A concept, connectivity between tourist attractions