Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Burung merupakan komponen penting dalam ekosistem mangrove karena berperan sebagai bioindikator kondisi lingkungan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya habitat, baik sebagai tempat mencari makan, berlindung, maupun beristirahat. Kawasan mangrove Gampong Labuhan Bakti, Kecamatan Teupah Selatan, Kabupaten Simeulue memiliki potensi tinggi sebagai habitat burung, tetapi belum pernah dilakukan kajian khusus mengenai identifikasi jenis, tingkat keanekaragaman, dan status konservasi burung di kawasan tersebut sehingga data dasarnya masih minim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis burung, menganalisis tingkat keanekaragamannya, serta menentukan status konservasi burung yang terdapat di kawasan mangrove Gampong Labuhan Bakti, Kecamatan Teupah Selatan, Kabupaten Simeulue. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survei eksploratif melalui teknik titik hitung (point count/Index Point of Abundance) pada 10 titik pengamatan yang tersebar pada dua jalur transek, dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2025. Pengamatan dilakukan pagi dan sore hari. Data jumlah individu tiap jenis dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, sedangkan status konservasinya ditentukan berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor P.106/2018, IUCN Red List, dan CITES. Hasil penelitian mencatat 27 spesies burung dari 17 famili dan 9 ordo dengan total 639 individu, komposisi famili burung di kawasan mangrove Gampong Labuhan Bakti, Kecamatan Teupah Selatan, Kabupaten Simeulue yang paling tinggi adalah Nectariniidae sebesar 19% dan Ordo Passeriformes merupakan ordo yang ditemukan paling banyak dengan jumlah 15 famili (55,56%). Nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener tergolong sedang (H' = 2,361). Ditemukan dua jenis burung dilindungi, yaitu Egretta sacra dan Haliaeetus leucogaster, satu spesies berstatus Vulnerable menurut IUCN (Acridotheres javanicus), serta satu spesies berstatus Appendix II CITES. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kawasan mangrove Gampong Labuhan Bakti memiliki keanekaragaman burung tergolong sedang dengan nilai konservasi penting, sehingga dapat dijadikan dasar upaya pelestarian dan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove berkelanjutan.
Kata Kunci: Burung, Keanekaragaman, Mangrove, Simeulue, Konservasi.

Birds are an important component in the mangrove ecosystem because they act as bioindicators of environmental conditions and utilization of habitat resources, both as places to find food, shelter, and rest. The mangrove area of ​​Gampong Labuhan Bakti, Teupah Selatan District, Simeulue Regency has high potential as a bird habitat, but no specific study has been conducted on the identification of species, levels of diversity, and conservation status of birds in the area so that basic data is still minimal. This study aims to identify bird species, analyze their diversity levels, and determine the conservation status of birds found in the mangrove area of ​​Gampong Labuhan Bakti, Teupah Selatan District, Simeulue Regency. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with an exploratory survey method through the point count technique (Point Count/Index Point of Abundance) at 10 observation points spread across two transect lines, carried out in December 2025. Observations were carried out in the morning and afternoon. Data on the number of individuals of each species were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, while their conservation status was determined based on the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number P.106/2018, the IUCN Red List, and CITES. The results of the study recorded 27 bird species from 17 families and 9 orders with a total of 639 individuals, the composition of bird families in the mangrove area of ​​Gampong Labuhan Bakti, South Teupah District, Simeulue Regency, the highest was Nectariniidae at 19% and the Order Passeriformes was the order found most with a total of 15 families (55.56%). The value of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index is classified as moderate (H '= 2.361). Two protected bird species were found, namely Egretta sacra and Haliaeetus leucogaster, one species with Vulnerable status according to IUCN (Acridotheres javanicus), and one species with Appendix II CITES status. These results indicate that the Gampong Labuhan Bakti mangrove area has moderate bird diversity with significant conservation value, thus serving as a basis for sustainable mangrove ecosystem conservation and management efforts. Keywords: Birds, Diversity, Mangroves, Simeulue, Conservation.