Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK

Bawang merah merupakan komoditas utama penentu inflasi di Kabupaten Pidie, namun petaninya masih dihadapkan pada volatilitas harga, ketergantungan tengkulak, dan tingginya biaya input kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi tingkat keberlanjutan ekonomi petani dan mengidentifikasi faktor determinan utamanya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di empat kecamatan sentra produksi (Simpang Tiga, Pidie, Batee, Peukan Baro) pada akhir 2025 melibatkan 145 responden, lalu dianalisis menggunakan metode Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS). Hasil analisis menunjukkan usahatani bawang merah di Kabupaten Pidie berstatus "Cukup Berkelanjutan" dengan indeks 64,56 (R2 = 0,942). Posisi ini berada pada zona transisi yang rentan degradasi dan mengonfirmasi fenomena economic trap, di mana petani mampu berproduksi kontinu namun mengalami stagnasi akumulasi kapital. Keberlanjutan sistem secara signifikan ditentukan oleh dua atribut pengungkit utama (leveraging factors), yaitu Rata-rata Penghasilan Petani (RMS = 4,59) dan Kelayakan Finansial (RMS = 3,56). Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa determinan resiliensi ekonomi usahatani didominasi oleh variabel hilir (kontrol harga jual dan efisiensi biaya) daripada variabel hulu, sekaligus mendukung teori Safety-First Principle dalam memitigasi risiko pasar. Rekomendasi strategis yang diajukan meliputi optimalisasi BUMDes/Koperasi sebagai off-taker dan implementasi Sistem Resi Gudang untuk mengatasi market glut, reorientasi pendampingan pada efisiensi biaya melalui input organik mandiri untuk memotong biaya kimia, serta integrasi analisis lanjutan pada dimensi ekologi dan sosial secara holistik untuk peneliti selanjutnya.

Kata kunci: Bawang merah, dimensi ekonomi, Kabupaten Pidie, keberlanjutan usahatani, multi-dimensional scaling.

ABSTRACT Shallots are a key commodity driving inflation in Pidie Regency, but farmers still face price volatility, dependence on middlemen, and high chemical input costs. This study aims to evaluate the level of economic sustainability of farmers and identify its key determinants. Data collection was conducted in four production center sub-districts (Simpang Tiga, Pidie, Batee, Peukan Baro) at the end of 2025 involving 145 respondents, then analyzed using the Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method. The analysis results show that shallot farming in Pidie Regency has a "Moderately Sustainable" status with an index of 64.56 (R2 = 0.942). This position is in a transition zone vulnerable to degradation and confirms the economic trap phenomenon, where farmers are able to produce continuously but experience stagnant capital accumulation. The sustainability of the system is significantly determined by two main leveraging factors, namely Average Farmer Income (RMS = 4.59) and Financial Viability (RMS = 3.56). This finding proves that the determinants of farm economic resilience are dominated by downstream variables (selling price control and cost efficiency) rather than upstream variables, while supporting the Safety-First Principle theory in mitigating market risks. Strategic recommendations proposed include optimizing Village-Owned Enterprises/Cooperatives as off-takers and implementing a Warehouse Receipt System to overcome market glut, reorienting assistance towards cost efficiency through independent organic inputs to cut chemical costs, and integrating further analysis on ecological and social dimensions holistically for future researchers. Keywords : Red onion, economic dimension, Pidie Regency, sustainable farming, multi-dimensional scaling.