Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan unggulan di Kabupaten Bener Meriah, Provinsi Aceh. Salah satu kendala utama dalam budidaya kopi arabika adalah serangan hama penggerek buah kopi (PBKo), Hypothenemus hampei, yang dapat menurunkan kuantitas dan kualitas hasil panen. Tingkat serangan PBKo dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, di antaranya karakteristik varietas kopi dan kondisi lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kepadatan populasi PBKo, persentase serangan PBKo, serta bobot buah kopi pada beberapa varietas kopi arabika.
Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga Juni 2026 di Kebun Percobaan Badan Perakitan dan Modernisasi Pertanian (BRMP) Pondok Gajah, Kecamatan Bandar, Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) nonfaktorial dengan empat perlakuan, yaitu varietas Gayo 1, Gayo 2, Gayo 3, dan P88, masing-masing terdapat enam ulangan. Pengamatan meliputi kepadatan populasi PBKo di dalam buah, kepadatan populasi menggunakan perangkap metil eugenol, persentase buah terserang, serta bobot buah sehat dan buah terserang. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA), dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT taraf 5% dan uji t pada parameter bobot buah.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan populasi PBKo di dalam buah berbeda nyata antar varietas. Varietas P88 memiliki kepadatan populasi tertinggi, yaitu 2,30 individu per buah dan berbeda nyata dibandingkan varietas Gayo, sedangkan varietas Gayo 1, Gayo 2, dan Gayo 3 tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata. Penggunaan perangkap dengan atraktan metil eugenol tidak berhasil menangkap PBKo, tetapi hanya menangkap lalat buah, sehingga atraktan tersebut tidak efektif untuk memonitor populasi PBKo. Persentase serangan PBKo pada varietas Gayo 1, Gayo 2, Gayo 3, dan P88 tidak berbeda nyata berdasarkan uji statistik, meskipun secara deskriptif varietas P88 memiliki persentase serangan tertinggi. Bobot buah sehat pada seluruh varietas lebih tinggi dibandingkan bobot buah terserang. Perbedaan nyata antara bobot buah sehat dan buah terserang hanya ditemukan pada varietas Gayo 1, sedangkan pada varietas Gayo 2, Gayo 3, dan P88 tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan varietas memengaruhi kepadatan populasi PBKo di dalam buah, namun tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap persentase serangan. Varietas P88 menunjukkan kecenderungan lebih rentan terhadap serangan PBKo dibandingkan varietas Gayo. Penggunaan metil eugenol tidak direkomendasikan sebagai atraktan untuk pemantauan PBKo sehingga penelitian selanjutnya disarankan menggunakan atraktan yang lebih spesifik, seperti campuran etanol dan metanol.

Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is a key plantation commodity in Bener Meriah Regency, Aceh Province. A major challenge in Arabica coffee cultivation is infestation by the coffee berry borer (CBB), Hypothenemus hampei, which can reduce both the quantity and quality of the harvest. CBB infestation levels are influenced by various factors, including coffee variety characteristics and environmental conditions. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine CBB population density, the percentage of CBB infestation, and coffee berry weight across several Arabica coffee varieties. The study was carried out from March to June 2026 at the Pondok Gajah Experimental Garden of the Agency for Agricultural Assembly and Modernization (BRMP) in Bandar District, Bener Meriah Regency. A non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed with four treatments—varieties Gayo 1, Gayo 2, Gayo 3, and P88—each with six replications. Observations included CBB population density within the berries, population density using methyl eugenol traps, the percentage of infested berries, and the weight of both healthy and infested berries. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level and a t-test for the berry weight parameter. The results showed that CBB population density within the berries differed significantly among the varieties. The P88 variety exhibited the highest population density at 2.30 individuals per berry, differing significantly from the Gayo varieties, whereas Gayo 1, Gayo 2, and Gayo 3 showed no significant differences. Traps using the methyl eugenol attractant failed to capture CBB, catching only fruit flies instead; thus, the attractant was ineffective for monitoring CBB populations. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the percentage of PBKo infestation among the Gayo 1, Gayo 2, Gayo 3, and P88 varieties, although the P88 variety exhibited the highest infestation rate in descriptive terms. For all varieties, the weight of healthy fruit exceeded that of infested fruit. A significant difference between the weights of healthy and infested fruit was observed only in the Gayo 1 variety; no such significant difference was found for the Gayo 2, Gayo 3, or P88 varieties. The study concludes that while variety influences PBKo population density within the fruit, it does not significantly affect the infestation rate. The P88 variety showed a tendency to be more susceptible to PBKo infestation than the Gayo varieties. Methyl eugenol is not recommended as an attractant for PBKo monitoring; therefore, future research should utilize more specific attractants, such as a mixture of ethanol and methanol.