Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Usahatani padi sawah merupakan salah satu sektor penting dalam penyediaan pangan nasional, namun pelaksanaannya dihadapkan pada berbagai risiko yang dapat memengaruhi produksi dan pendapatan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko produksi dan risiko pendapatan usahatani padi sawah di Kecamatan Simpang Mamplam, Kabupaten Bireuen. Penelitian dilakukan pada 30 petani di Gampong Blang Tambue, Gampong Paku, dan Gampong Blang Mane Dua Meunasah dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif melalui analisis biaya produksi, penerimaan, pendapatan, serta pengukuran risiko menggunakan ragam (variance), simpangan baku (standard deviation), dan koefisien variasi (coefficient of variation). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa risiko produksi tergolong tinggi dengan nilai koefisien variasi (CV) sebesar 0,67, sedangkan risiko pendapatan juga tergolong tinggi dengan nilai CV sebesar 0,93. Tingginya risiko tersebut dipengaruhi oleh ketidakpastian kondisi iklim, ketersediaan air irigasi, serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman, fluktuasi harga gabah, serta perubahan biaya produksi. Dengan demikian, usahatani padi sawah di Kecamatan Simpang Mamplam menghadapi risiko produksi dan pendapatan yang tinggi sehingga diperlukan upaya pengelolaan risiko untuk menjaga stabilitas produksi dan meningkatkan pendapatan petani.

Kata kunci: risiko produksi, risiko pendapatan, koefisien variasi, usahatani padi sawah.

Rice farming is an important sector in ensuring national food security; however, it faces various risks that may affect farmers' production and income. This study aimed to analyze the level of production risk and income risk of rice farming in Simpang Mamplam District, Bireuen Regency. The study involved 30 farmers from Blang Tambue, Paku, and Blang Mane Dua Meunasah villages selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using a quantitative descriptive approach through production cost, revenue, and income analysis, while risk was measured using variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation (CV). The results showed that production risk was classified as high with a coefficient of variation of 0.67, while income risk was also classified as high with a coefficient of variation of 0.93. These high risks were influenced by climate uncertainty, irrigation water availability, pest and disease attacks, fluctuations in paddy prices, and changes in production costs. Therefore, rice farming in Simpang Mamplam District faces high production and income risks, indicating the need for better risk management to maintain production stability and improve farmers' income. Keywords: production risk, income risk, coefficient of variation, rice farming.