Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Literasi sains peserta didik Indonesia masih rendah, sementara pembelajaran kimia di sekolah didominasi metode konvensional dan LKPD prosedural yang kurang melatih kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Observasi awal di SMAN 1 Darul Imarah mengonfirmasi keterbatasan bahan ajar kontekstual untuk memfasilitasi kedua kemampuan tersebut. Sebagai solusi, penelitian ini mengembangan LKPD berbasis proyek melalui sintesis plastik cerdas. Plastik yang diberi indikator alami sehingga mampu berubah warna merespons kondisi lingkungan seperti pH atau kesegaran bahan pangan. Berfungsi aktif memberi informasi, bukan sekadar pengemas pasif, sekaligus relevan sebagai isu kimia hijau. Penelitian bertujuan mengembangkan LKPD berbasis proyek melalui sintesis plastik cerdas serta menentukan validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifannya dalam meningkatkan literasi sains dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan campuran (mixed methods) dengan model pengembangan 4D (define, design, develop, disseminate), melibatkan 32 peserta didik pada tahap uji coba dan 70 peserta didik pada tahap uji penyebaran di SMAN 1 Darul Imarah. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket validasi, angket tanggapan, serta tes pretest-posttest, lalu dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji t berpasangan disertai N-Gain. Hasil validasi ahli menunjukkan LKPD memperoleh persentase 96,67% (kategori sangat valid) dengan kesepakatan antar validator (IRA) sebesar 88,89%. Uji kepraktisan pada tahap uji coba maupun penyebaran secara konsisten berkategori sangat praktis, dengan tanggapan guru mencapai 100% pada beberapa aspek penilaian. Uji efektivitas pada tahap penyebaran menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan (p = 0,000) pada literasi sains dan pemecahan masalah, dengan rata-rata peningkatan skor masing-masing sebesar 24,64 dan 19,89 poin serta nilai N-Gain 0,3184 (kategori sedang) dan 0,2766 (kategori rendah). LKPD berbasis proyek melalui sintesis plastik cerdas terbukti valid, praktis, dan efektif meningkatkan literasi sains dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik, sehingga berpotensi dijadikan alternatif bahan ajar kontekstual berbasis isu lingkungan pada pembelajaran kimia hijau di sekolah menengah.

Kata kunci: LKPD berbasis proyek, literasi sains, kemampuan pemecahan masalah, kimia hijau, sintesis plastik cerdas.

The scientific literacy of Indonesian students remains relatively low, while chemistry instruction in schools tends to be dominated by conventional methods and procedural student worksheets that provide limited training in problem-solving skills. Preliminary observations at SMAN 1 Darul Imarah confirmed the limited availability of contextual teaching materials capable of fostering both scientific literacy and problem-solving abilities. As a solution, this study developed a project-based student worksheet through the synthesis of smart plastic. This plastic is embedded with natural indicators that enable it to change color in response to environmental conditions, such as pH levels or food freshness. Rather than functioning merely as a passive packaging material, it actively provides information making it particularly relevant to issues of green chemistry. This study aimed to develop a project-based student worksheet through smart plastic synthesis and to determine its validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving scientific literacy and problem-solving skills. A mixed-methods approach was employed using the 4D development model (define, design, develop, disseminate), involving 32 students in the limited trial and 70 students in the dissemination trial at SMAN 1 Darul Imarah. Data were collected through validation questionnaires, response questionnaires, and pretest-posttest instruments, then analyzed descriptively and through paired t-tests accompanied by N-Gain calculations. Expert validation showed that the worksheet achieved a score of 96.67% (very valid category), with an inter-rater agreement of 88.89%. Practicality tests in both the trial and dissemination stages consistently fell into the very practical category, with teacher responses reaching 100% on several assessment aspects. The effectiveness test in the dissemination stage revealed a significant improvement (p = 0.000) in scientific literacy and problem-solving ability, with mean score gains of 24.64 and 19.89 points, respectively, and N-Gain values of 0.3184 (moderate) and 0.2766 (low). The project-based worksheet through smart plastic synthesis proves valid, practical, and effective in enhancing students' scientific literacy and problem-solving skills, indicating its potential as a contextual, environment-based teaching material for green chemistry instruction at the senior high school level. Keywords: project-based worksheet, scientific literacy, problem-solving skills, green chemistry, smart plastic synthesis.