Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Sektor hortikultura, khususnya komoditas tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.), memiliki peranan penting dalam meningkatkan pendapatan petani di Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Namun, usahatani tomat masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan, seperti fluktuasi harga jual, produktivitas yang tidak stabil, serta tingginya biaya produksi yang memengaruhi tingkat keuntungan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan finansial usahatani tomat dan merumuskan strategi pengembangannya di Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Bukit, Bandar, dan Wih Pesam dengan melibatkan 60 petani responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik quota sampling. Analisis kelayakan dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif melalui indikator Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C Ratio), Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio), Return on Investment (ROI), dan Break Even Point (BEP), sedangkan strategi pengembangan dianalisis menggunakan metode SWOT melalui penyusunan matriks IFAS, EFAS, dan matriks SWOT.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani tomat menghasilkan pendapatan bersih sebesar Rp31.512.497/ha/musim tanam, dengan nilai R/C Ratio sebesar 1,45, B/C Ratio sebesar 0,45, dan ROI sebesar 44,6%. Nilai BEP harga sebesar Rp4.229/kg, sedangkan BEP produksi sebesar 11.538 kg/ha/musim tanam. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa usahatani tomat layak untuk diusahakan karena nilai R/C Ratio lebih dari satu, ROI bernilai positif, serta harga dan produksi aktual berada di atas titik impas. Analisis SWOT menempatkan usahatani tomat pada Kuadran II (Strategi ST/Diversifikasi) dengan koordinat X = +0,669 dan Y = −0,010. Posisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa strategi pengembangan yang tepat adalah memanfaatkan kekuatan internal petani untuk mengatasi berbagai ancaman eksternal, terutama fluktuasi harga, serangan hama dan penyakit, serta perubahan iklim, sehingga daya saing dan keberlanjutan usahatani tomat dapat ditingkatkan.

Kata kunci: usahatani tomat, kelayakan finansial, R/C Ratio, B/C Ratio, ROI, BEP, SWOT, Kabupaten Bener Meriah.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) farming is one of the horticultural commodities that plays an important role in improving farmers' income in Bener Meriah Regency. However, tomato farming is still constrained by fluctuating selling prices, unstable productivity, and high production costs, which affect farmers' profitability. This study aimed to analyze the financial feasibility of tomato farming and formulate appropriate development strategies in Bener Meriah Regency. The research was conducted in Bukit, Bandar, and Wih Pesam Districts involving 60 tomato farmers selected using the quota sampling technique. Financial feasibility was analyzed quantitatively using the Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C Ratio), Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio), Return on Investment (ROI), and Break Even Point (BEP). Meanwhile, development strategies were formulated using SWOT analysis through the Internal Factor Analysis Strategy (IFAS), External Factor Analysis Strategy (EFAS), and SWOT Matrix. The results showed that tomato farming generated a net income of IDR 31,512,497/ha/cropping season, with an R/C Ratio of 1.45, a B/C Ratio of 0.45, and an ROI of 44.6%. The break-even price was IDR 4,229/kg, while the break-even production was 11,538 kg/ha/cropping season. These findings indicate that tomato farming is financially feasible because the R/C Ratio is greater than one, the ROI is positive, and the actual selling price and production level exceed the break-even point. The SWOT analysis positioned tomato farming in Quadrant II (ST/Diversification Strategy) with coordinates of X = +0.669 and Y = −0.010. This position indicates that the appropriate development strategy is to utilize farmers' internal strengths to overcome external threats, particularly price fluctuations, pest and disease attacks, and climate change, thereby improving the competitiveness and sustainability of tomato farming. Keywords: tomato farming, financial feasibility, R/C Ratio, B/C Ratio, ROI, Break Even Point (BEP), SWOT, Bener Meriah Regency.