Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser (TNGL) merupakan kawasan konservasi yang menghadapi ancaman aktivitas perambahan hutan. Upaya pengendalian gangguan kawasan dilakukan melalui SMART Patrol sebagai sistem patroli berbasis data untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengawasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan SMART Patrol pos pengamanan dalam mencegah dan menanggulangi aktivitas perambahan, serta mengetahui efektivitasnya dalam menekan aktivitas perambahan di SPTN IV Badar, Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dengan data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur bersama petugas pos pengamanan dan Masyarakat Mitra Polhut (MMP), serta observasi langsung di lapangan. Data kuantitatif berupa rekaman SMART Patrol periode 2022–2025 digunakan untuk analisis Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE), Generalized Linear Model (GLM), serta analisis spasial menggunakan ArcGIS. Data patroli ranger yang dianalisis berasal dari periode 2022–2023, sedangkan data patroli pos pengamanan berasal dari periode 2024–2025. Data yang dianalisis meliputi jumlah patroli, hari patroli, jam patroli, jarak tempuh, dan temuan aktivitas ilegal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama periode 2022–2023, patroli ranger memiliki rata-rata 114 kegiatan patroli per tahun, dengan rata-rata 1.694 hari patroli, 24.064 jam patroli, dan jarak tempuh 6.472 km per tahun, yang mencerminkan intensitas pengawasan langsung yang tinggi pada wilayah prioritas. Adapun pada periode 2024–2025, patroli pos pengamanan memiliki rata-rata 93 kegiatan patroli per tahun, dengan rata-rata 1.442 hari patroli, 17.321 jam patroli, dan jarak tempuh 16.650 km per tahun, jauh lebih luas dibandingkan cakupan ranger. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pos pengamanan berperan memperluas cakupan pengawasan kawasan, sedangkan ranger tetap berfokus pada pengawasan intensif di wilayah inti. Hasil analisis CPUE menunjukkan adanya penurunan intensitas temuan perambahan berdasarkan satuan jarak patroli setelah penerapan SMART Patrol pos pengamanan. Adapun hasil analisis GLM menunjukkan bahwa jarak patroli merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap jumlah temuan aktivitas ilegal, yang berarti semakin luas cakupan wilayah yang dipatroli, semakin tinggi pula kemampuan deteksi terhadap ancaman perambahan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa SMART Patrol pos pengamanan berperan dalam memperkuat sistem pengamanan kawasan melalui peningkatan cakupan patroli dan kemampuan deteksi terhadap aktivitas perambahan. Efektivitas patroli dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan menjangkau wilayah yang memiliki potensi ancaman serta penerapan strategi pengawasan berbasis data.

Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser (TNGL) is a conservation area facing threats from forest encroachment activities. Efforts to control forest disturbances are carried out through SMART Patrol as a data-driven patrol system to improve the effectiveness of conservation area monitoring. This study aimed to examine the implementation of SMART Patrol through Pos Pengamanan in preventing and controlling forest encroachment activities, as well as to evaluate its effectiveness in reducing forest encroachment activities in SPTN IV Badar, Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser. This study employed a mixed-methods approach using qualitative and quantitative data. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with Pos Pengamanan personnel and Masyarakat Mitra Polhut (MMP), supported by direct field observations. Quantitative data were derived from SMART Patrol records during the 2022–2025 period and analyzed using Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE), Generalized Linear Model (GLM), and spatial analysis using ArcGIS. Ranger patrol data covered the 2022–2023 period, while Pos Pengamanan patrol data covered the 2024–2025 period. The analyzed variables included patrol frequency, patrol days, patrol hours, patrol distance, and recorded forest disturbance incidents. The results showed that during 2022–2023, ranger patrols conducted an average of 114 patrol activities annually, with an average of 1,694 patrol days, 24,064 patrol hours, and a patrol distance of 6,472 km per year, indicating intensive direct monitoring in priority areas. Meanwhile, during 2024–2025, Pos Pengamanan patrols recorded an average of 93 patrol activities annually, with an average of 1,442 patrol days, 17,321 patrol hours, and a patrol distance of 16,650 km per year, demonstrating broader spatial coverage compared to ranger patrols. These findings indicate that Pos Pengamanan contributes to expanding monitoring coverage, while ranger patrols remain focused on intensive surveillance within priority areas. The CPUE analysis indicated a reduction in forest encroachment findings per unit of patrol effort following the implementation of SMART Patrol through Pos Pengamanan. Furthermore, the GLM analysis revealed that patrol distance was the most influential variable affecting the number of detected forest disturbance incidents, indicating that wider patrol coverage enhances the capacity to detect encroachment threats. This study concludes that SMART Patrol through Pos Pengamanan strengthens the conservation area protection system by improving patrol coverage and detection capacity for forest encroachment activities. The effectiveness of patrol operations is strongly influenced by patrol coverage, particularly the ability to reach potential threat areas through data-based monitoring strategies.