Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Infestasi caplak Haemaphysalis bispinosa pada kambing kacang (Capra aegagrus hircus) dapat menurunkan produktivitas ternak serta berperan sebagai vektor berbagai penyakit. Penggunaan akarisida sintetis secara berkelanjutan berisiko menimbulkan resistensi dan efek samping terhadap lingkungan maupun hewan, sehingga diperlukan alternatif pengendalian yang lebih aman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas ekstrak daun cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) (L.) sebagai akarisida alami terhadap caplak H. bispinosa. Penelitian dilakukan secara in vitro menggunakan rancangan acak sederhana dengan lima kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kontrol negatif (aquadest), kontrol positif (cypermethrin 1%), serta ekstrak daun cengkeh konsentrasi 0,5%, 1%, dan 2%. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas tiga ulangan dengan 10 ekor caplak dewasa per ulangan. Mortalitas caplak diamati selama 60 menit dan dianalisis menggunakan uji One-Way ANOVA yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun cengkeh memiliki aktivitas akarisida yang ditandai dengan peningkatan mortalitas seiring meningkatnya konsentrasi ekstrak. Persentase mortalitas tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi 2% sebesar 96,7 %, diikuti konsentrasi 1% sebesar 83,3% dan 0,5% sebesar 86,7%, sedangkan kontrol positif mencapai 100% dan kontrol negatif 0%. Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antar perlakuan (P

Infestation of Haemaphysalis bispinosa ticks in Kacang goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) can reduce livestock productivity and serve as a vector for various diseases. Continuous use of synthetic acaricides may lead to resistance and adverse effects on the environment and animals, highlighting the need for safer alternative control methods. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of clove leaf (Syzygium aromaticum) (L.) extract as a natural acaricide against H. bispinosa. The research was conducted in vitro using a completely randomized design with five treatment groups: negative control (distilled water), positive control (1% cypermethrin), and clove leaf extract at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. Each treatment consisted of three replicates with 10 adult ticks per replicate. Tick mortality was observed for 60 minutes and analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that clove leaf extract exhibited acaricidal activity, as indicated by increased tick mortality with increasing extract concentration. The highest mortality rate was observed at the 2% concentration 96,7 %, followed by the 1% concentration 83,3 % and the 0.5% concentration 86,7 %, while the positive control achieved 100% mortality and the negative control showed 0% mortality. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among treatments (P < 0.05). Clove leaf extract has potential as a natural acaricide against H. bispinosa, with the 2% concentration being the most effective treatment. Keywords: natural acaricide, clove leaf, Haemaphysalis bispinosa, Kacang goat, mortality.