Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) merupakan komoditas perkebunan strategis yang berperan penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Salah satu permasalahan utama pada pembibitan utama adalah belum optimalnya pertumbuhan bibit akibat rendahnya kualitas media tanam dan efisiensi pemupukan. Pemanfaatan biochar tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) sebagai pembenah tanah serta pemberian pupuk NPK 16:16:16 diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bibit kelapa sawit.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian biochar TKKS, dosis pupuk NPK 16:16:16, serta interaksi keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit di pembibitan utama. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Unit Rumah Kompos Bank Sampah USK (BSU), Darussalam, Banda Aceh dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala pada Oktober 2025 hingga Mei 2026. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 4 × 3 dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah biochar TKKS dengan dosis 0, 50, 100, dan 150 g tanaman⁻¹, sedangkan faktor kedua adalah pupuk NPK 16:16:16 dengan dosis 25, 50, dan 75 g tanaman⁻¹.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian biochar TKKS berpengaruh nyata hingga sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, luas daun, volume akar, bobot brangkasan basah, dan bobot brangkasan kering bibit kelapa sawit. Dosis 150 g tanaman⁻¹ cenderung memberikan pertumbuhan terbaik pada sebagian besar parameter. Pemberian pupuk NPK 16:16:16 hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 60 HSPT, sedangkan dosis 50 g tanaman⁻¹ menunjukkan respons pertumbuhan yang relatif lebih baik. Interaksi antara biochar TKKS dan pupuk NPK 16:16:16 hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot brangkasan basah bagian atas.

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a strategic plantation commodity that plays an important role in the Indonesian economy. One of the main problems in the main nursery is the suboptimal growth of seedlings due to the low quality of the planting medium and fertilizer efficiency. The use of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) biochar as a soil conditioner and the application of NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer is expected to improve the growth and development of oil palm seedlings. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of OPEFB biochar, the dose of NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer, and the interaction of both on the growth of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery. The study was conducted at the USK Waste Bank Compost House Unit (BSH), Darussalam, Banda Aceh and the Plant Physiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University from October 2025 to May 2026. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with a 4 × 3 factorial pattern with three replications. The first factor was OPEFB biochar with doses of 0, 50, 100, and 150 g of plant⁻¹, while the second factor was NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer with doses of 25, 50, and 75 g of plant⁻¹. The results showed that the application of OPEFB biochar had a significant to very significant effect on plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, root volume, wet stump weight, and dry stump weight of oil palm seedlings. A dose of 150 g of plant⁻¹ tended to provide the best growth in most parameters. Application of NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer only had a significant effect on plant height at 60 days after planting, while a dose of 50 g of plant⁻¹ showed a relatively better growth response. The interaction between OPEFB biochar and NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer only had a significant effect on the weight of the upper wet stump.