Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kota Banda Aceh merupakan wilayah yang memiliki tingkat kerawanan tinggi terhadap bencana tsunami sehingga memerlukan sistem evakuasi yang didukung oleh jaringan jalan yang memadai. Kecamatan Meuraxa sebagai salah satu kawasan pesisir yang berisiko terdampak tsunami perlu memiliki rute evakuasi yang sesuai dengan preferensi masyarakat dan memenuhi standar kelayakan teknis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi rute yang menjadi prioritas masyarakat dalam melakukan evakuasi tsunami serta mengevaluasi kelayakan ruas jalan yang digunakan sebagai rute evakuasi berdasarkan Pedoman Perencanaan Jalur Evakuasi Bencana Alam Tsunami No. 10/P/BM/2023 dan Sea Defense Consultants (SDC). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode Stated Preference dan analisis regresi logit binomial. Data diperoleh melalui survei kuesioner terhadap 200 responden di tujuh desa Kecamatan Meuraxa dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat memprioritaskan rute evakuasi dengan lebar jalan ≥4 m dengan probabilitas pemilihan sebesar 96,8%, sedangkan rute dengan lebar

Banda Aceh City is an area with a high level of tsunami hazard, requiring an evacuation system supported by an adequate road network. Meuraxa District, as one of the coastal areas highly vulnerable to tsunami impacts, requires evacuation routes that not only comply with technical feasibility standards but also reflect community preferences. This study aims to identify the evacuation routes prioritized by the community during a tsunami event and to evaluate the feasibility of the road segments used as evacuation routes based on the Guidelines for Tsunami Disaster Evacuation Route Planning No. 10/P/BM/2023 and the Sea Defense Consultants (SDC) guidelines. The study employed a quantitative approach using the Stated Preference method and binomial logit regression analysis. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey of 200 respondents from seven villages in Meuraxa District using a purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. The results indicate that the community prioritizes evacuation routes with a road width of ≥ 4 m, with a selection probability of 96.8%, whereas routes with a width of < 4 m have a probability of only 3.18%. The variables that significantly influence evacuation route selection are tsunami experience, age, type of house, and type of evacuation route. The estimated utility model is U = a − 1.559(X₂) + 1.221(X₃) − 2.362(X₇) − 2.481(X₁₅). The evaluation results indicate that, in general, the tsunami evacuation routes in Meuraxa District are feasible based on the SDC criteria and the Bina Marga Guidelines No. 10/P/BM/2023, particularly in terms of road width, pavement condition, accessibility, route connectivity, and travel time. However, improvements in road capacity within residential areas, as well as the provision of evacuation maps and signage, are still necessary to enhance the effectiveness of tsunami evacuation.