Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi respons beberapa galur turunan Tinggong/IRBB27 terhadap cekaman kekeringan pada fase pembungaan, mengidentifikasi galur yang memiliki toleransi terbaik, serta menganalisis hubungan beberapa karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil sebagai dasar seleksi dalam program pemuliaan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial yang terdiri atas tujuh genotipe yaitu BC4F6 Tg/IR. T35.7.5.13.5, BC4F6 Tg/IR. T35.7.5.16.4, BC4F6 Tg/IR. T35.7.3.1.2, BC4F6 Tg/IR. T36.10.3.19.1, BC4F6 Tg/IR. T38.1.4.4.11, Inpago 5, IR64 dan tiga taraf cekaman kekeringan yaitu cekaman 0%, cekaman 25% dan cekaman 50%, masing-masing diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi karakter pertumbuhan, komponen hasil, hasil panen, kadar klorofil, hubungan antarkarakter, serta kondisi suhu udara dan suhu tanah selama penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cekaman kekeringan pada fase pembungaan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap sebagian besar karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil, sedangkan jumlah anakan produktif, umur berbunga, dan kadar klorofil tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata. Respons masing-masing genotipe terhadap cekaman kekeringan berbeda-beda, yang menunjukkan adanya variasi kemampuan adaptasi terhadap kondisi kekurangan air. Analisis korelasi mengindikasikan bahwa tinggi tanaman, panjang malai, persentase gabah berisi, bobot gabah berisi per rumpun, dan potensi hasil memiliki hubungan yang erat sehingga berpotensi dijadikan sebagai karakter seleksi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, galur BC4F6 Tg/IR. T36.10.3.19.1 menunjukkan kemampuan terbaik dalam mempertahankan produktivitas pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai galur unggul toleran kekeringan.

This study was conducted to evaluate the response of several Tinggong/IRBB27 derived lines to drought stress during the flowering phase, identify lines with the best tolerance, and analyze the relationship between several growth and yield characters as a basis for selection in breeding programs. The study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University using a Randomized Block Design with a factorial pattern consisting of seven genotypes, namely BC4F6 Tg/IR. T35.7.5.13.5, BC4F6 Tg/IR. T35.7.5.16.4, BC4F6 Tg/IR. T35.7.3.1.2, BC4F6 Tg/IR. T36.10.3.19.1, BC4F6 Tg/IR. T38.1.4.4.11, Inpago 5, IR64 and three levels of drought stress, namely 0% stress, 25% stress and 50% stress, each repeated three times. The parameters observed included growth characteristics, yield components, yield, chlorophyll content, inter-character relationships, and air and soil temperature conditions during the study. The results showed that drought stress during the flowering phase significantly affected most growth and yield characteristics, while the number of productive tillers, flowering age, and chlorophyll content did not show significant differences. The response of each genotype to drought stress varied, indicating variations in their ability to adapt to water shortage conditions. Correlation analysis indicated that plant height, panicle length, percentage of filled grains, weight of filled grains per hill, and yield potential were closely related and therefore had the potential to be used as selection traits. Based on the results of the study, the BC4F6 Tg/IR. T36.10.3.19.1 line showed the best ability to maintain productivity under drought stress conditions and therefore had the potential to be developed as a superior drought-tolerant line.