Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior Jack. R.M. Sm.) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung metabolit sekunder berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Perbedaan kondisi lingkungan tumbuh diduga memengaruhi kandungan senyawa bioaktif sehingga menghasilkan aktivitas antibakteri yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun kecombrang asal Gayo, Nagan Raya, Tangse, dan Sabang terhadap Bacillus subtilis serta menentukan nilai Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) dan Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Ekstraksi dilakukan secara bertingkat menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat, dan metanol. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan metode difusi sumuran, sedangkan MIC dan MBC menggunakan metode mikrodilusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh ekstrak mampu menghambat pertumbuhan B. subtilis dengan diameter zona hambat berkisar 13,97–22,00 mm. Aktivitas tertinggi pada uji difusi diperoleh dari ekstrak n-heksana asal Nagan Raya dengan diameter zona hambat 22,00 ± 0,43 mm. Perbedaan daerah asal dan jenis pelarut berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas antibakteri. Nilai MIC berkisar 3,12–12,5 mg/mL, sedangkan MBC berkisar 3,12 mg/mL hingga >50 mg/mL. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun kecombrang dari berbagai wilayah di Aceh berpotensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap Bacillus subtilis. Aktivitas antibakteri dipengaruhi oleh asal daerah dan polaritas pelarut ekstraksi, dengan ekstrak metanol asal Nagan Raya menunjukkan potensi paling tinggi berdasarkan nilai MIC dan MBC terendah.

Etlingera elatior Jack. R.M. Sm. is a medicinal plant containing various secondary metabolites with potential antibacterial properties. Differences in growing environmental conditions are presumed to influence the composition of bioactive compounds, resulting in variations in antibacterial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of E. elatior leaf extracts collected from Gayo, Nagan Raya, Tangse, and Sabang against Bacillus subtilis, and to determine their Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Sequential extraction was carried out using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as extraction solvents. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method, whereas MIC and MBC were determined using the broth microdilution method. The results showed that all extracts inhibited the growth of B. subtilis, producing inhibition zones ranging from 13.97 to 22.00 mm. The highest antibacterial activity in the agar well diffusion assay was observed in the n-hexane extract from Nagan Raya, with an inhibition zone of 22.00 ± 0.43 mm. The geographical origin of the plant and the type of extraction solvent significantly affected the antibacterial activity. The MIC values ranged from 3.12 to 12.5 mg/mL, while the MBC values ranged from 3.12 mg/mL to >50 mg/mL. It can be concluded that E. elatior leaf extracts collected from various regions of Aceh have promising potential as antibacterial agents against B. subtilis. Their antibacterial activity was influenced by the geographical origin of the plant and the polarity of the extraction solvent, with the methanolic extract from Nagan Raya exhibiting the greatest antibacterial potential based on the lowest MIC and MBC values.