Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Padi Tinggong merupakan salah satu padi lokal Aceh yang berasal dari kabupaten Aceh Jaya, berpotensi untuk dikembangkan karena memiliki kemampuan adaptasi yang baik terhadap cekaman kekeringan, tekstur nasi yang pulen dan cita rasa yang gurih. Terlepas dari keunggulannya, padi Tinggong memiliki kelemahan umur panen lama, tanaman yang tinggi sehingga menyebabkan tanaman mudah rebah, dan rentan terhadap penyakit Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB). Perbaikan padi Tinggong dilakukan dengan metode persilangan dengan galur IRBB27, serta dilakukan kembali evaluasi agar padi galur Tinggong/IRBB27 memiliki peningkatan produktivitas yang tinggi terutama jika dibudidayakan pada lahan tegalan.
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, pada lokasi 5°34'01.6 LU- 95°22'24.4 BT dengan ketinggian 4,55 mdpl, Laboratorium Genetika dan Pemuliaan Tanaman serta Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Departemen Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sejak Juli 2025 hingga Januari 2026. Penellitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola non faktorial dengan 3 ulangan yang terdiri dari 5 genotipe TGIR 35.7.3.1.2, TGIR 35.7.5.13.5, TGIR 35.7.5.16.4, TGIR 36.10.3.19.1, dan TGIR 38.1.4.4.11, serta 2 varietas pembanding nasional Ciherang dan Inpago. Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman umur 4, 5, 6, 7, dan 8 MST serta saat panen, jumlah anakan umur 4, 5, 6, 7, dan 8 MST serta saat panen, umur berbunga, umur panen, panjang malai, jumlah biji berisi per malai, bobot 1000 biji, bobot gabah berisi per rumpun, bobot gabah total per rumpun, persentase gabah berisi,potensi hasil dan kadar klorofil.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas galur padi Tinggong/IRBB27 pada lahan tegalan berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap semua parameter. Karakter agronomi padi turunan BC4F6 Tinggong/IRBB27 lebih baik dijumpai pada galur TGIR 35.7.5.16.4 dan TGIR 36. 10.3.19.1. Potensi hasil lebih tinggi dijumpai pada galur TGIR 35.7.5.16.4 yaitu 2,71 ton/ha-1 . Korelasi antar peubah menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif antara bobot gabah berisi, potensi hasil, persentase gabah berisi dan bobot 1000 biji. Disarankan untuk adanya keberlanjutan dan pengembangan penelitian terhadap galur-galur prospektif yaitu P3: TGIR 35.7.5.16.4 dan P4 TGIR 36. 10.3.19.1 agar didapatkan galur-galur yang memiliki peluang untuk dilepaskan sebagai varietas unggul lokal Aceh.

## English Translation --- Rice Tinggong is one of the local rice varieties of Aceh originating from Aceh Jaya District, which has potential for development due to its good adaptability to drought stress, soft texture, and savory taste. Despite its advantages, Tinggong rice has several weaknesses, including a long harvest age, tall plant stature that causes lodging susceptibility, and vulnerability to Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) disease. Improvement of Tinggong rice was carried out through a crossing method with the IRBB27 line, followed by further evaluation to ensure that the Tinggong/IRBB27 rice line achieves high productivity improvement, particularly when cultivated on dryland. This research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, located at 5°34'01.6 N – 95°22'24.4 E at an altitude of 4.55 meters above sea level, the Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, and the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh. The study was conducted from July 2025 to January 2026. This research used a Non-Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications consisting of 5 genotypes: TGIR 35.7.3.1.2, TGIR 35.7.5.13.5, TGIR 35.7.5.16.4, TGIR 36.10.3.19.1, and TGIR 38.1.4.4.11, along with 2 national check varieties, Ciherang and Inpago. Parameters observed included plant height at 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 weeks after planting (WAP) and at harvest; number of tillers at 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 WAP and at harvest; flowering age; harvest age; panicle length; number of filled grains per panicle; 1000-grain weight; weight of filled grain per hill; total grain weight per hill; percentage of filled grains; yield potential; and chlorophyll content. The results showed that the growth and productivity of Tinggong/IRBB27 rice lines on dryland had no significant effect on all observed parameters. Better agronomic characters of BC₄F₆ Tinggong/IRBB27 rice derivatives were found in lines TGIR 35.7.5.16.4 and TGIR 36.10.3.19.1. Higher yield potential was found in line TGIR 35.7.5.16.4 at 2.71 tons ha⁻¹. Correlation among variables showed a positive relationship between filled grain weight, yield potential, percentage of filled grains, and 1000-grain weight. It is recommended that research be continued and developed on the prospective lines P3: TGIR 35.7.5.16.4 and P4: TGIR 36.10.3.19.1 in order to obtain lines with the opportunity to be released as local superior varieties of Aceh.