Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Indonesia memiliki jumlah penduduk yang terus mengalami peningkatan sehingga permintaan terhadap komoditas hortikultura terus bertambah, baik dari sisi kuantitas maupun kualitas. Tanaman sawi Samhong King (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis var. Samhong King) merupakan salah satu varietas sawi yang dapat tumbuh dengan baik di dataran tinggi maupun dataran rendah. Daunnya lebih lebar dan keriting, rasanya lebih manis dibandingkan dengan sawi lainnya, yang memiliki rasa tawar atau pahit. Tanaman ini berumur relatif singkat, mudah dirawat, dan diminati di pasaran. Biochar umumnya didefinisikan sebagai arang hayati yang dihasilkan dari biomassa melalui proses pirolisis (pembakaran biomassa dengan sedikit atau tanpa oksigen), terutama dalam pertanian dimanfaatkan sebagai ameliorasi tanah. Hal ini dikarenakan fungsi dan kemampuan biochar dalam memperbaiki tanah yang terdegradasi secara fisika, kimia dan biologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan biochar limbah kelapa muda terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sawi Samhong King. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non Faktorial dengan 7 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, sehingga secara keseluruhan terdapat 21 satuan percobaan. Setiap satuan percobaan terdiri dari 16 tanaman dengan ditetapkan 4 tanaman sebagai tanaman sampel sehingga terdapat 336 tanaman. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Biochar Research Station, Pusat Riset Biochar dan Hutan Tropis Lestari, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari Agustus 2025 hingga Februari 2026. Perlakuan terdiri dari kontrol, pupuk urea 200 kg ha-1, pupuk kandang sapi 10 ton ha-1, Biochar limbah kelapa muda 10 ton ha-1, Biochar embedded limbah kelapa muda (biochar + kotoran sapi segar) 10 ton ha-1, Biochar embedded limbah kelapa muda 10 ton ha-1 + pupuk Urea 200 kg ha-1, dan Biochar embedded limbah kelapa muda 10 ton ha-1 + Pupuk kandang sapi 10 ton ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh perlakuan berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sawi Samhong King pada taraf 5%. Namun, secara deskriptif perlakuan biochar limbah kelapa muda 10 ton ha-1 menunjukkan kecenderungan hasil yang lebih baik pada beberapa parameter, yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot basah tajuk tanaman, dan bobot basah total tanaman.

Indonesia’s population continues to grow, leading to an increasing demand for horticultural commodities, both in terms of quantity and quality. The Samhong King mustard greens (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis var. Samhong King) are a variety of mustard greens that grow well in both highland and lowland areas. Their leaves are wider and curly, and they have a sweeter taste compared to other mustard greens, which tend to be bland or bitter. This plant has a relatively short growth cycle, is easy to care for, and is in high demand in the market. Biochar is generally defined as biochar produced from biomass through the pyrolysis process (burning biomass with little or no oxygen); in agriculture, it is primarily used for soil amelioration. This is due to biochar’s ability to improve physically, chemically, and biologically degraded soil. This study aims to determine the effect of using young coconut waste biochar on the growth and yield of Samhong King mustard greens. This study used a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 7 treatments and 3 replicates, resulting in a total of 21 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of 16 plants, with 4 plants designated as sample plants, resulting in a total of 336 plants. This study was conducted at the Biochar Research Station, Center for Biochar and Sustainable Tropical Forest Research, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. The study was carried out from August 2025 to February 2026. The treatments consisted of a control, 200 kg ha⁻¹ of urea fertilizer, 10 metric tons ha⁻¹ of cattle manure, 10 metric tons ha⁻¹ of young coconut waste biochar, young coconut waste-embedded biochar (biochar + fresh cow manure) at 10 metric tons per hectare, young coconut waste-embedded biochar at 10 metric tons per hectare + urea fertilizer at 200 kg per hectare, and young coconut waste-embedded biochar at 10 metric tons per hectare + cow manure at 10 metric tons per hectare. The results showed that none of the treatments had a significant effect on the growth and yield of Samhong King mustard at the 5% significance level. However, descriptively, the treatment with 10 metric tons per hectare of young coconut waste biochar showed a tendency toward better results for several parameters, namely plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight of the plant canopy, and total fresh weight of the plant.