Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK

Kulit merupakan organ terluar tubuh yang rentan terhadap paparan lingkungan yang dapat memicu pembentukan radikal bebas atau reactive oxygen species (ROS). Penggunaan produk perawatan kulit yang mengandung antioksidan, seperti toner, dapat membantu melindungi kulit dari kerusakan akibat radikal bebas. Daun kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata L.) diketahui memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat sehingga berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan aktif dalam sediaan toner. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun kopasanda, aktivitas antioksidan sediaan toner dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak, serta mutu dan stabilitas fisik sediaan. Ekstrak daun kopasanda diperoleh melalui proses ekstraksi dan dilakukan karakterisasi simplisia yang meliputi penetapan kadar air, kadar sari larut air, kadar sari larut etanol, kadar abu total, dan kadar abu tidak larut asam. Hasil karakterisasi berturut-turut sebesar 6,6% ± 2,8; 26,66% ± 1,44; 25% ± 2,5; 2,33% ± 0,28; dan 0,73% ± 0,04. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan adanya senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, fenolik/tanin, steroid, dan triterpenoid. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak diuji menggunakan metode DPPH dan menghasilkan nilai IC50 sebesar 20,77 ppm yang tergolong sangat kuat dengan nilai AAI sebesar 1,92 yang termasuk kategori kuat. Ekstrak kemudian diformulasikan ke dalam sediaan toner dengan konsentrasi F0 (0%), F1 (0,20%), F2 (0,40%), dan F3 (0,81%). Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan seluruh formulasi memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik meliputi organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, dan stabilitas. Uji aktivitas antioksidan sediaan toner menunjukkan formula F3 memiliki aktivitas antioksidan paling baik dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 87,52 ppm dan nilai AAI sebesar 0,45.

Kata kunci: Chromolaena odorata L., antioksidan, DPPH, toner

ABSTRACT The skin is the outermost organ of the body that is vulnerable to environmental exposure which can trigger the formation of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using skin care products that contain antioxidants, such as toner, can help protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals. Kopasanda leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) are known to have strong antioxidant activity so they have the potential to be used as an active ingredient in toner preparations. This research aims to determine the antioxidant activity of kopasanda leaf extract, the antioxidant activity of toner preparations with varying extract concentrations, as well as the quality and physical stability of the preparations. Kopasanda leaf extract was obtained through an extraction process and a simple characterization was carried out which included determining the water content, water soluble essence content, ethanol soluble essence content, total ash content and acid insoluble ash content. The characterization results were 6.6% ± 2.8; 26.66% ± 1.44; 25% ± 2.5; 2.33% ± 0.28; and 0.73% ± 0.04. Phytochemical test results show the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics/tannins, steroids and triterpenoids. The antioxidant activity of the extract was tested using the DPPH method and produced an IC50 value of 20.77 ppm which was classified as very strong with an AAI value of 1.92 which was included in the strong category. The extract was then formulated into a toner preparation with concentrations of F0 (0%), F1 (0.20%), F2 (0.40%), and F3 (0.81%). The evaluation results show that all formulations meet physical quality requirements including organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and stability. The antioxidant activity test of the toner preparation showed that the F3 formula had the best antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 87.52 ppm and an AAI value of 0.45. Keywords: Chromolaena odorata L., antioxidant , DPPH, toner