Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan : Perkembangan teknologi mesin anesthesia membuat teknik
maintanance anasthesia semkain berkembang dari teknik higflow, medium flow
dan low flow anesthesia. Setelah ditemukannya closed circuit dan CO2 Absorbant
serta mesin anesthesia yang lebih lengkap dalam melakukan pemantauan
anesthesia, arah perkembangan teknik maintanace anesthesia berkembang ke arah
low flow anesthesia. Berdasarkan beberapa penelian terdapat perbedaan antara
low flow dan high flow anesthesia di lihat dari SpO2, EtCO2,Suhu tubuh dan
konsumsi agen inhalsi.Dengan dasar penelitian tersebut dilakukan penelitian
lanjutan yang membandingkan nilai tersebuta antara teknik medium flow dan low
flow anesthesia.Diharapkan dalam penelitian ini dihasilkan kesimpulan yang
dapat membantu dalam praktek anesthesia sehari hari yang akanberdampak pada
kualitas layanan, luaran pasien dan penghematan dalam hal pembiayaan.
Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan kuasi-eksperimen dengan desain komparatif
analitik prospektif yang bertujuan membandingkan nilai SpO₂, ETCO₂, suhu, dan
konsumsi agen inhalasi pada anestesia umum intubasi menggunakan teknik Low
Flow dan Medium Flow Anesthesia. Subjek penelitian dipilih secara non-random
consecutive sampling, lalu dibagi menjadi dua kelompok berdasarkan teknik
aliran gas yang digunakan. Subjek penelitian yaitu pasien yang menjalani
prosedur anestesi umum dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Variabel yang
diamati meliputi SpO₂, ETCO₂, suhu, dan konsumsi agen inhalasi.
Hasil : Hasil uji Samples t-test menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna
nilai SpO2 antara kelompok low flow dan medium flow (p=0,952), secara
statistikm dengan menggunakan Independet T-Test didapati nilia p> 0.05. Nilai
EtCO2 antara kelompok low flow dan medium flow memiliki nilai yang hampir
sama (p=0,471) secara statistikm dengan menggunakan Independet T-Test
didapati nilia p> 0.05.Suhu antara kelompok low flow dan medium flow memiliki
nilai yang hampir sama, dimana pada 5 menit pertama nilai suhu memiliki nilai
yang tidak signifikan (p=0,176), semakin lama perbedaan semakin kecil seiring
pertambahan waktu dengan 20 menit berikutnya (p=0,279), sesudah operasi
(p=0,389). Pemakaian agen inhalasi antara kelompok low flow dan medium flow
memiliki perbandingan yang signifikan (p=0,011)
Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada parameter Pemakaian agen
inhalasi antara kelompok low flow dan medium flow. Namun, tidak ditemukan
perbedaan bermakna pada parameter SPO2,EtCO2,Suhu antara kedua kelompok.
Dengan demikian, pemakain low flow anesthesia memiliki keunggulan dalam hal
pembiayaan dibandingkan medium flow anesthesia. Sementara untuk parameter
lain tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan sehingga bisa digunakan pada praktek
pembiusan harian.

Kata kunci: Low flow, Medium flow,EtCO2, SpO2,Suhu, Konsumsi Agen
Inhalasi

ABSTRACT Background: The development of anesthesia machine technology has made maintenance anesthesia techniques increasingly developed from high flow, medium flow, and low flow anesthesia techniques. After the discovery of closed circuit and CO2 Absorbant as well as anesthesia machines that are more complete in monitoring anesthesia, the direction of development of maintenance anesthesia techniques has developed towards low flow anesthesia. Based on several studies, there are differences between low flow and high flow anesthesia seen from SpO2, EtCO2, body temperature and consumption of inhalation agents. Based on this research, further research was conducted comparing these values between medium flow and low flow anesthesia techniques. It is hoped that this research will produce conclusions that can help in daily anesthesia practice which will have an impact on the quality of service, patient outcomes and savings in terms of costs. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental with a prospective comparative analytical design aimed at comparing SpO₂, ETCO₂, temperature, and inhalation agent consumption in general anesthesia intubation using Low Flow and Medium Flow Anesthesia techniques. The study subjects were selected by non-random consecutive sampling, then divided into two groups based on the gas flow technique used. The study subjects were patients undergoing general anesthesia procedures with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The variables observed included SpO₂, ETCO₂, temperature, and inhalation agent consumption. Results: The results of the Samples t-test showed no significant difference in SpO2 values between the low flow and medium flow groups (p = 0.952), statistically using the Independent T-Test, the value p> 0.05 was found. The EtCO2 value between the low flow and medium flow groups had almost the same value (p = 0.471) statistically using the Independent T-Test, the value p> 0.05 was found. The temperature between the low flow and medium flow groups had almost the same value, where in the first 5 minutes the temperature value had an insignificant value (p = 0.176), the longer the difference became smaller as time increased with the next 20 minutes (p = 0.279), after surgery (p = 0.389). The use of inhalation agents between the low flow and medium flow groups had a significant comparison (p = 0.011) Conclusion: There were significant differences in inhalation agent usage parameters between the low-flow and medium-flow groups. However, no significant differences were found in SPO2, EtCO2, and temperature between the two groups. Thus, low-flow anesthesia offers a cost advantage over medium-flow anesthesia. Other parameters showed no significant differences, making it suitable for use in daily anesthesia practice. Keywords: Low flow, Medium flow, EtCO2, SpO2, Temperature, Inhalation Agent Consumption.