Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK
Judul : Pengaruh Teknologi Digital, Penanaman Modal
Asing Langsung, dan Nilai Tukar terhadap
Ekspor ASEAN-6
Penulis : Karesya Audi Lia
NIM
: 2201101010142
Fakultas/Jurusan : Ekonomi dan Bisnis/Ekonomi Pembangunan
Pembimbing
: Prof. Dr. Taufiq C. Dawood, S.E., M.Ec. Dev
Asri Diana, S.E., M.Si
Konsentrasi : Ekonomi Internasional

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh teknologi digital,
penanaman modal asing langsung dan nilai tukar terhadap ekspor di negara
ASEAN-6, yaitu Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Filipina, Singapura, dan
Vietnam selama periode 2010-2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan
pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data panel sebanyak 90 observasi yang
bersumber dari World Bank Development Indicators. Metode analisis yang
digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan pemilihan model melalui uji
Chow, uji Hausman, dan uji Lagrange Multiplier, yang menghasilkan Fixed
Effect Model (FEM) sebagai model terbaik. Hasil empiris menunjukkan
bahwa teknologi digital dan penanaman modal asing langsung berpengaruh
positif dan signifikan terhadap ekspor. Sementara itu, nilai tukar tidak
berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ekspor. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut,
pemerintah negara ASEAN-6 perlu memperkuat infrastruktur digital dan
mendorong pemanfaatan teknologi dalam kegiatan produksi, logistik, serta
perdagangan internasional agar peran teknologi digital terhadap ekspor
semakin optimal. Pemerintah ASEAN-6 juga diharapkan dapat
mempertahankan dan meningkatkan daya tarik penanaman modal asing
langsung melalui perbaikan iklim investasi, kemudahan regulasi, serta
insentif bagi investasi yang berorientasi ekspor. Sementara itu, meskipun
nilai tukar tidak berpengaruh signifikan, pemerintah perlu menjaga stabilitas
nilai tukar, mengurangi volatilitas, memperkuat fasilitas lindung nilai bagi
eksportir, serta mendorong peningkatan nilai tukar dapat lebih efektif
mendukung daya saing ekspor.

Kata kunci: Ekspor, Teknologi Digital, Penanaman Modal Asing Langsung,
Nilai Tukar, ASEAN-6

ABSTRACT Title : The Impact of Digital Technology, Foreign Direct Investment, and Exchange Rates on ASEAN-6 Exports Author : Karesya Audi Lia NIM : 220101010142 Faculty/Department : Economics and Department/Development Economics Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Taufiq C. Dawood, S.E., M.Ec. Asri Diana, S.E., M.Si Concentration : International Economics This study aims to analyze the impact of digital technology, foreign direct investment (FDI), and exchange rates on exports in the ASEAN-6 countries—Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore, and Vietnam—during the 2010–2024 period. A quantitative approach was employed using a panel dataset of 90 observations sourced from the World Bank Development Indicators. The analysis utilized panel data regression, with model selection determined via the Chow test, Hausman test, and Lagrange Multiplier test, identifying the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) as the optimal model. Empirical results indicate that digital technology and FDI have a positive and significant impact on exports, whereas the exchange rate does not have a significant effect. Based on these findings, ASEAN-6 governments need to strengthen digital infrastructure and encourage the adoption of technology in production, logistics, and international trade to maximize the role of digital technology in boosting exports. ASEAN-6 governments are also expected to maintain and enhance their attractiveness for FDI by improving the investment climate, streamlining regulations, and offering incentives for export-oriented investments. Meanwhile, although the exchange rate did not show a significant impact, governments should maintain exchange rate stability, reduce volatility, strengthen hedging facilities for exporters, and foster conditions where the exchange rate can more effectively support export competitiveness. Keywords: Exports, Digital Technology, Foreign Direct Investment, Exchange Rate, ASEAN-6