Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Daun ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa bioaktif yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil senyawa kimia ekstrak etil asetat daun T. catappa dari Aceh Selatan dan Aceh Besar serta aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Ekstraksi daun T. catappa dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat. Simplisia daun T. catappa dikarakterisasi melalui penetapan kadar air, kadar sari larut air, kadar sari larut etanol, dan kadar abu total. Ekstrak yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan GC-MS dan diuji aktivitas antibakterinya dengan metode difusi sumuran pada variasi konsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Hasil karakterisasi simplisia daun T. catappa asal Aceh Selatan menunjukkan kadar air sebesar 1,83%, kadar sari larut air 27,5%, kadar sari larut etanol 22,5%, dan kadar abu total 6,83%. Sementara itu, simplisia asal Aceh Besar memiliki kadar air 2,5%, kadar sari larut air 20,8%, kadar sari larut etanol 19,16%, dan kadar abu total 5,66%. Hasil analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat daun T. catappa asal Aceh Selatan mengandung 20 senyawa, dengan senyawa dominan berupa 6-octadecenoic acid (21,50%), squalene (13,72%), phytol (10,84%), dan n-hexadecanoic acid (6,69%). Sedangkan ekstrak asal Aceh Besar mengandung 13 senyawa, dengan senyawa dominan berupa 6-octadecenoic acid (33,58%), n-hexadecanoic acid (6,00%), phytol (4,05%), dan squalene (4,30%). Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa diameter zona hambat terbesar ekstrak etil asetat daun T. catappa asal Aceh Selatan terhadap P. acnes sebesar 8,90 mm, sedangkan ekstrak asal Aceh Besar sebesar 10,24 mm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ekstrak etil asetat daun T. catappa dari kedua daerah memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap P. acnes, dengan aktivitas yang lebih tinggi pada sampel asal Aceh Besar.

Kata kunci: Terminalia catappa, ekstrak etil asetat, GC-MS, Propionibacterium acnes, antibakteri

Ketapang leaves (Terminalia catappa L.) are known to contain bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial activity. This study was conducted to determine the chemical profile of the ethyl acetate extract of T. catappa leaves collected from Aceh Selatan and Aceh Besar, as well as to evaluate their antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. Extraction of T. catappa leaves was carried out by maceration using ethyl acetate as the solvent. The simplicia of T. catappa leaves were characterized through the determination of moisture content, water-soluble extractive value, ethanol-soluble extractive value, and total ash content. The obtained extracts were subsequently analyzed using GC-MS and evaluated for antibacterial activity using the well diffusion method at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The characterization results of T. catappa leaf simplicia from Aceh Selatan showed a moisture content of 1.83%, water-soluble extractive value of 27.5%, ethanol-soluble extractive value of 22.5%, and total ash content of 6.83%. Meanwhile, the simplicia from Aceh Besar exhibited a moisture content of 2.5%, water-soluble extractive value of 20.8%, ethanol-soluble extractive value of 19.16%, and total ash content of 5.66%. GC-MS analysis revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of T. catappa leaves from Aceh Selatan contained 20 compounds, with the major compounds identified as 6-octadecenoic acid (21.50%), squalene (13.72%), phytol (10.84%), and n-hexadecanoic acid (6.69%). In contrast, the extract from Aceh Besar contained 13 compounds, predominantly 6-octadecenoic acid (33.58%), n-hexadecanoic acid (6.00%), phytol (4.05%), and squalene (4.30%). The antibacterial activity test demonstrated that the largest inhibition zone diameter of the ethyl acetate extract of T. catappa leaves from Aceh Selatan against P. acnes was 8.90 mm, whereas the extract from Aceh Besar showed an inhibition zone diameter of 10.24 mm. Based on the findings, the ethyl acetate extracts of T. catappa leaves from both regions exhibited antibacterial activity against P. acnes, with the Aceh Besar sample showing stronger antibacterial activity. Keywords: Terminalia catappa, ethyl acetate extract, GC-MS, Propionibacterium acnes, antibacterial activity