Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Ikan bawal (Colossoma macropomum) merupakan salah satu ikan air tawar yang memiliki pertumbuhan cepat. Namun, dalam budidayanya pertumbuhan ikan sering kurang optimal akibat rendahnya kecernaan pakan. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kecernaan pakan yaitu melalui penambahan tepung biji pepaya yang mengandung enzim papain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung biji pepaya dalam pakan terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan bawal. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, yaitu penambahan tepung biji pepaya sebanyak 0 g, 1 g, 3 g, dan 5 g/kg pakan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi berat mutlak, panjang mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR), rasio konversi pakan (FCR), efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan (EPP), tingkat kelangsungan hidup (SR), dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung biji pepaya memberikan pengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap nilai SGR, FCR, EPP, dan SR. Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada P3 (3 g/kg pakan) dengan berat mutlak 3,88±0,29 g, panjang mutlak 3,08±0,24 cm, SGR 2,57±0,51%, FCR 1,31±0,4, EPP 84,21±20,3%, dan SR 90±7,07%. Peningkatan pertumbuhan diduga berkaitan dengan kandungan enzim papain yang membantu proses hidrolisis protein sehingga nutrien lebih mudah diserap ikan. Kualitas air selama penelitian berada pada kisaran yang layak untuk pemeliharaan ikan.

Kata kunci: Colossoma macropomum, tepung biji pepaya, enzim papain, pertumbuhan, kelangsungan hidup

Freshwater pomfret (Colossoma macropomum) is one of the freshwater fish species known for its rapid growth. However, in aquaculture practices, fish growth is often suboptimal due to the low digestibility of feed. One effort to improve feed digestibility is through the addition of papaya seed flour containing the papain enzyme. This study aimed to determine the effect of papaya seed flour supplementation in feed on the growth and survival rate of freshwater pomfret juveniles. The study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and five replications, namely the addition of papaya seed flour at doses of 0 g, 1 g, 3 g, and 5 g/kg feed. The observed parameters included absolute weight gain, absolute length gain, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed utilization efficiency (FUE), survival rate (SR), and water quality. The results showed that the addition of papaya seed flour significantly affected (P0.05) on SGR, FCR, FUE, and SR values. The best treatment was obtained in P3 (3 g/kg feed), with an absolute weight gain of 3.88±0.29 g, absolute length gain of 3.08±0.24 cm, SGR of 2.57±0.51%, FCR of 1.31±0.4, FUE of 84.21±20.3%, and SR of 90±7.07%. The improvement in growth was presumably associated with the papain enzyme content in papaya seeds, which aids protein hydrolysis, allowing nutrients to be more easily absorbed by fish. Water quality during the study remained within the suitable range for fish culture. Keywords: Colossoma macropomum, papaya seed flour, papain enzyme, growth, survival rate