Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Abstrak

Distribusi vaksin merupakan komponen penting dalam keberhasilan program imunisasi yang menuntut efektivitas sistem manajemen, kepatuhan terhadap Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP), serta kelancaran proses distribusi guna menjaga mutu vaksin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sistem manajemen distribusi vaksin di wilayah Aceh menggunakan pendekatan Business Process Management (BPM) serta merancang model perbaikan proses (to-be model) yang lebih optimal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi tahapan BPM yaitu process identification, process discovery (as-is model), process analysis, dan process redesign (to-be model), dengan data yang diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan pihak Dinas Kesehatan di Kota Banda Aceh, Kabupaten Aceh Besar, Kabupaten Pidie, dan Kabupaten Aceh Utara serta dokumen SOP sebagai acuan kondisi ideal. Pemodelan proses dilakukan menggunakan Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Bizagi Modeler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi aktual distribusi vaksin belum sepenuhnya memenuhi ketentuan SOP, yang ditandai dengan adanya keterbatasan fasilitas cold chain, ketidakteraturan ketersediaan stok, serta kendala geografis yang berdampak pada ketepatan waktu distribusi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut, dirancang model perbaikan proses yang lebih terstruktur melalui penyempurnaan alur distribusi, peningkatan koordinasi antar aktor, serta optimalisasi pengelolaan distribusi vaksin. Model usulan yang dihasilkan diharapkan mampu meningkatkan efektivitas, efisiensi, serta kepatuhan terhadap SOP, sehingga kualitas vaksin tetap terjaga hingga diterima oleh fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan.

Kata Kunci: Distribusi vaksin, Business Process Management (BPM), Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP), As-Is Model, To-be Model

Abstract Vaccine distribution is a critical component in the success of immunization programs, requiring effective management systems, adherence to Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), and smooth distribution processes to maintain vaccine quality. This study aims to evaluate the vaccine distribution management system in the Aceh region using a Business Process Management (BPM) approach and to design an improved process model (to-be model) that is more optimal. The research method employed follows the stages of BPM, namely process identification, process discovery (as-is model), process analysis, and process redesign (to-be model), with data collected through direct interviews with the Health Offices in Banda Aceh City, Aceh Besar Regency, Pidie Regency, and North Aceh Regency, as well as SOP documents as references for ideal conditions. Process modeling was conducted using Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) with the assistance of Bizagi Modeler software. The results indicate that the current condition of vaccine distribution has not fully complied with SOP requirements, as evidenced by limitations in cold chain facilities, irregular stock availability, and geographical constraints affecting the timeliness of distribution. Based on this analysis, a more structured process improvement model was developed through refinement of distribution flows, enhanced coordination among stakeholders, and optimization of vaccine distribution management. The proposed model is expected to improve effectiveness, efficiency, and compliance with SOPs, thereby ensuring that vaccine quality is maintained until it reaches healthcare facilities. Keywords: Vaccine distribution, Business Process Management (BPM) , Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), As-Is Model, To-Be Model