Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh profitabilitas dan leverage terhadap income smoothing dengan Good Corporate Governance sebagai variabel moderasi pada perusahaan sektor energi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2020–2023. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah income smoothing yang diukur menggunakan indeks Eckel dan diklasifikasikan dalam bentuk dummy. Variabel independen terdiri dari profitabilitas yang diproksikan dengan Return on Assets (ROA) dan leverage yang diproksikan dengan Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR), sedangkan Good Corporate Governance diproksikan melalui komisaris independen dan komite audit sebagai variabel moderasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi logistik dan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap income smoothing, leverage juga berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap income smoothing. Good Corporate Governance yang diproksikan melalui komisaris independen dan komite audit tidak mampu memoderasi pengaruh profitabilitas dan leverage terhadap income smoothing. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa praktik income smoothing lebih dipengaruhi oleh kondisi kinerja keuangan perusahaan dibandingkan dengan mekanisme tata kelola perusahaan.

Kata Kunci: Income Smoothing, Profitabilitas, Leverage, Good Corporate Governance, Perusahaan Sektor Energi.

ABSTRACT This study aims to examine the effect of profitability and leverage on income smoothing with Good Corporate Governance as a moderating variable in energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2020–2023 period. The dependent variable in this study is income smoothing, measured using the Eckel Index and classified as a dummy variable. The independent variables consist of profitability, proxied by Return on Assets (ROA), and leverage, proxied by Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR), while Good Corporate Governance is proxied by independent commissioners and audit committees as moderating variables. The analytical methods used are logistic regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results show that profitability has a negative and significant effect on income smoothing, and leverage also has a negative and significant effect on income smoothing. Good Corporate Governance, proxied by independent commissioners and audit committees, is unable to moderate the effect of profitability and leverage on income smoothing. These findings indicate that income smoothing practices are more influenced by the company’s financial performance than by corporate governance mechanisms. Keywords: Income Smoothing, Profitability, Leverage, Good Corporate Governance, Energy Sector Companies.