Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan bergantung pada transportasi laut dalam
menjaga konektivitas wilayah, khususnya di daerah 3T. Rute Sinabang-Calang
yang dilayani KMP Aceh Hebat 1 berperan penting dalam mobilitas masyarakat
Simeulue, terutama untuk kebutuhan pendidikan dan distribusi barang. Namun,
kesesuaian tarif dengan kondisi sosial-ekonomi masyarakat masih menjadi
tantangan utama dalam penyediaan layanan penyeberangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan
menganalisis tarif ideal berdasarkan Ability to Pay (ATP) dan Willingness to Pay
(WTP), serta mengidentifikasi karakteristik penumpang yang memengaruhi kedua
indikator tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui survei
terhadap 100 responden dengan teknik simple random sampling. ATP dihitung
berdasarkan pendapatan bulanan, proporsi pengeluaran transportasi, alokasi biaya
kapal, dan frekuensi perjalanan. WTP dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan
Revealed Preference melalui skenario tarif Rp75.000-Rp95.000. Hasil
menunjukkan rata-rata ATP sebesar Rp98.638 per penumpang per perjalanan,
sedangkan rata-rata WTP sebesar Rp80.675. Tarif aktual Rp84.000 berada di atas
WTP sebesar Rp3.325 namun masih di bawah ATP sebesar Rp14.638,
mengindikasikan kondisi ATP > WTP (choice riders). ATP tertinggi terdapat pada
wiraswasta (Rp102.607) dan terendah pada IRT, petani, serta sopir (Rp82.876
Rp83.333). WTP tertinggi terdapat pada pelajar/mahasiswa (Rp85.847) dan
PNS/TNI/POLRI (Rp85.625), sedangkan terendah pada sopir (Rp60.000).
Mayoritas pengguna merupakan pelajar/mahasiswa (59%) dengan tujuan
pendidikan (55%). Rentang tarif ideal berada pada Rp80.675-Rp98.638.
Penyesuaian tarif ekonomi non-seat mendekati Rp80.675 direkomendasikan untuk
meningkatkan keselarasan antara persepsi nilai dan kemampuan ekonomi, tanpa
mengganggu keberlanjutan operasional layanan.

Kata kunci: Ability to Pay; Willingness to Pay; KMP Aceh Hebat 1; tarif kapal

Indonesia as an archipelagic country depends on sea transportation to maintain regional connectivity, especially in the 3T area. The Sinabang-Calang route served by KMP Aceh Hebat 1 plays an important role in the mobility of the Simeulue community, especially for educational needs and distribution of goods. However, suitability of tariffs to the socio-economic conditions of the community is still the main challenge in providing crossing services. This research aims to analyze ideal fares based on Ability to Pay (ATP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP), as well as identifying passenger characteristics that influence these two indicators. The research used a quantitative approach through a survey of 100 respondents using a simple random sampling technique. ATP is calculated based on monthly income, proportion of transportation expenditure, allocation of ship costs, and frequency of travel. WTP was analyzed using the Revealed Preference approach through a tariff scenario of IDR 75,000–IDR 95,000. The results show that the average ATP is IDR 98,638 per passenger per trip, while the average WTP is IDR 80,675. The actual tariff of IDR 84,000 is above the WTP of IDR 3,325 but still below the ATP of IDR 14,638, indicating the condition of ATP > WTP (riders' choice). The highest ATP is found in entrepreneurs (Rp. 102,607) and the lowest in household workers, farmers and drivers (Rp. 82,876-Rp. 83,333). The highest WTP is found among students (Rp. 85,847) and civil servants/TNI/POLRI (Rp. 85,625), while the lowest is for drivers (Rp. 60,000). The majority of users are students (59%) with educational purposes (55%). The ideal tarif range is IDR 80,675 – IDR 98,638. Adjustment of the non-seat economy fare to close to IDR 80,675 is recommended to increase alignment between perceived value and economic capability, without disrupting the continuity of service operations. Keywords: Ability to Pay; Willingness to Pay; KMP Aceh Hebat 1; Ship rates