Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) memicu 41 juta kematian per tahun atau 74% dari total kematian global. Prevalensi PTM di Indonesia terus meningkat akibat perubahan gaya hidup. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia mencanangkan Program Cek Kesehatan Gratis (CKG) untuk mendeteksi dini faktor risiko PTM. Namun, masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kuta Alam, Kota Banda Aceh, kurang berpartisipasi dalam program ini, padahal prevalensi PTM setempat cukup tinggi. Persepsi masyarakat berhubungan dengan perilaku pencegahan PTM. Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan persepsi masyarakat tentang program CKG dengan upaya pencegahan PTM di Puskesmas Kuta Alam menggunakan kerangka Health Belief Model (HBM). Peneliti menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Peneliti memilih 100 responden usia produktif di Puskesmas Kuta Alam melalui purposive sampling. Kuesioner terstruktur mengukur enam dimensi persepsi HBM (Kerentanan, Keparahan, Manfaat, Hambatan, Isyarat Bertindak, dan Efikasi Diri) dan upaya pencegahan PTM. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 55,0% responden memiliki upaya pencegahan baik dan 59,0% menilai program CKG dengan baik. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan seluruh dimensi HBM berhubungan dengan upaya pencegahan PTM (p = 0,000 < 0,05 untuk Kerentanan, Keparahan, Manfaat, Hambatan, Isyarat Bertindak, dan Efikasi Diri). Kesimpulannya, persepsi masyarakat tentang program CKG berlandaskan HBM berhubungan dengan upaya pencegahan PTM di Puskesmas Kuta Alam. Promotor kesehatan harus memprioritaskan peningkatan efikasi diri dan kesadaran kerentanan PTM untuk meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat.

Kata Kunci: Health Belief Model, Penyakit Tidak Menular, Program Cek Kesehatan Gratis, Persepsi, Upaya Pencegahan.

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) cause 41 million deaths per year, accounting for 74% of total global deaths. The prevalence of NCDs in Indonesia continues to increase due to lifestyle changes. The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia launched the Free Health Check-up Program (Program Cek Kesehatan Gratis or CKG) for the early detection of NCD risk factors. However, the community in the working area of the Kuta Alam Community Health Center (Puskesmas Kuta Alam), Banda Aceh City, lacks participation in this program, despite the relatively high local prevalence of NCDs. Public perception is associated with NCD prevention behavior. This study analyzes the relationship between public perception of the CKG program and NCD prevention efforts at Puskesmas Kuta Alam using the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework. The researchers utilized an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 100 respondents of productive age at Puskesmas Kuta Alam were selected through purposive sampling. A structured questionnaire measured the six dimensions of HBM perception (Susceptibility, Severity, Benefits, Barriers, Cues to Action, and Self-Efficacy) alongside NCD prevention efforts. The results of this study showed that 55.0% of respondents demonstrated good prevention efforts, and 59.0% had a positive perception of the CKG program. The chi-square test results indicated that all HBM dimensions were associated with NCD prevention efforts (p = 0.000 < 0.05 for Susceptibility, Severity, Benefits, Barriers, Cues to Action, and Self-Efficacy). In conclusion, public perception of the CKG program based on the HBM is associated with NCD prevention efforts at Puskesmas Kuta Alam. Health promoters must prioritize enhancing self-efficacy and awareness regarding NCD susceptibility to increase community participation. Keywords: Health Belief Model, Non-Communicable Diseases, Free Health Check-up Program, Perception, Prevention Efforts.