Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kota Banda Aceh merupakan salah satu wilayah dengan tingkat kerawanan bencana tsunami yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, masyarakat dan pemerintah di kawasan rawan tsunami perlu meningkatkan kesadaran serta kesiapsiagaan melalui pemahaman risiko bencana dan pemanfaatan fasilitas pendukung evakuasi. Dalam konteks tersebut, angkutan umum memiliki potensi sebagai moda pendukung evakuasi massal. Trans Koetaradja sebagai sistem transportasi Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) yang beroperasi sejak tahun 2016 di Kota Banda Aceh memiliki beberapa koridor utama yang melintasi pusat kota hingga kawasan pesisir. Namun demikian, tingkat cakupan pelayanan rute Trans Koetaradja terhadap jaringan rute evakuasi tsunami yang telah ditetapkan pemerintah masih belum banyak dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis cakupan pelayanan rute angkutan umum terhadap rute evakuasi tsunami berdasarkan empat indikator utama, yaitu cakupan pelayanan rute, cakupan wilayah layanan, kapasitas evakuasi, dan waktu tempuh evakuasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi survei lapangan untuk mengidentifikasi rute evakuasi dan trayek angkutan umum, analisis catchment area, perhitungan kapasitas angkutan umum, serta analisis waktu tempuh evakuasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei on board dan observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 19 ruas jalan yang dilalui angkutan umum, sebanyak 11 ruas jalan (57,9%) sesuai dengan rute evakuasi tsunami, sedangkan 8 ruas jalan (42,1%) tidak sesuai. Berdasarkan cakupan wilayah layanan, kawasan yang terlayani didominasi oleh wilayah pesisir, di mana 13 dari 16 desa di Kecamatan Meuraxa telah terlayani oleh rute angkutan umum, sementara 3 desa lainnya belum optimal untuk evakuasi menggunakan moda angkutan umum. Waktu tempuh angkutan umum menuju escape building berada pada kisaran 2-6 menit, sehingga secara teoritis angkutan umum dapat dimanfaatkan dalam proses evakuasi tsunami.

Banda Aceh City is one of the areas with a high level of tsunami hazard. Therefore, communities and local governments in tsunami-prone areas need to enhance awareness and preparedness through a better understanding of disaster risk and the utilization of evacuation support facilities. In this context, public transportation has the potential to serve as a supporting mode for mass evacuation. Trans Koetaradja, a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system operating in Banda Aceh since 2016, has several main corridors that connect the city center with coastal areas. However, the extent to which Trans Koetaradja routes cover the tsunami evacuation route network designated by the government has not been widely studied. This study aims to analyze the service coverage of public transport routes in relation to tsunami evacuation routes based on four main indicators: route coverage, service area coverage, evacuation capacity, and evacuation travel time. The research methods included field surveys to identify evacuation routes and public transport routes, catchment area analysis, public transport capacity calculation, and evacuation travel time analysis. Data were collected through on-board surveys and field observations. The results show that of the 19 road segments served by public transportation, 11 segments (57.9%) are aligned with tsunami evacuation routes, while 8 segments (42.1%) are not. In terms of service area coverage, the served areas are dominated by coastal zones, where 13 of the 16 villages in Meuraxa District are already covered by public transport routes, while the remaining 3 villages are not yet optimally served for evacuation using public transportation. The travel time of public transport to vertical evacuation shelters ranges from 2 to 6 minutes, indicating that, in theory, public transportation can be utilized in the tsunami evacuation process.