Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Interleukin-20 (IL-20) dan vitamin D berperan dalam respons imun, inflamasi, dan fibrogenesis pada penyakit hati kronik akibat infeksi virus hepatitis B dan C. Prognosis sirosis hepatis umumnya dinilai menggunakan skor Child–Pugh, namun hubungan kadar IL-20 dan vitamin D dengan skor tersebut masih belum jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan kadar IL-20 dan vitamin D 25-hidroksi [25(OH)D] dengan skor Child–Pugh pada pasien sirosis hepatis akibat infeksi virus hepatitis. Penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan pada April–Desember 2025 di RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin, Banda Aceh. Sebanyak 30 pasien sirosis hepatis direkrut secara purposive sampling. Kadar IL-20 dan vitamin D 25(OH) diperiksa menggunakan metode ELISA, sedangkan keparahan sirosis dinilai dengan skor Child–Pugh. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji Kruskal–Wallis. Rerata usia subjek penelitian adalah 53,8±12,0 tahun, dengan dominasi pasien laki-laki. Mayoritas pasien berada pada Child–Pugh kelas B (60,0%), diikuti kelas C (26,7%) dan kelas A (13,3%). Median kadar vitamin D tergolong rendah dan menunjukkan kecenderungan menurun seiring peningkatan skor Child–Pugh, namun tidak signifikan secara statistik (p=0,222). Median kadar IL-20 cenderung meningkat pada derajat keparahan yang lebih berat, tetapi perbedaan antar kelompok Child–Pugh juga tidak signifikan (p=0,179). Selain itu, uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubunngan antara kadar IL-20 dan vitamin D (r=0,250; p=0,182). Kesimpulannya, kadar vitamin D cenderung menurun dan kadar IL-20 cenderung meningkat seiring bertambahnya keparahan sirosis berdasarkan skor Child–Pugh, meskipun hubungan tersebut tidak signifikan secara statistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa vitamin D dan IL-20 berpotensi mencerminkan perubahan imunologis dan metabolik pada sirosis hepatis, namun peran keduanya sebagai penanda prognosis klinis memerlukan penelitian lanjutan dengan ukuran sampel yang lebih besar.

Kata kunci: sirosis hepatis, interleukin-20, vitamin D, Child–Pugh, hepatitis virus.
 

Interleukin-20 (IL-20) and vitamin D play roles in immune responses, inflammation, and fibrogenesis in chronic liver disease caused by hepatitis B and C virus infections. Prognosis of hepatic cirrhosis is commonly assessed using the Child–Pugh score; however, the associations between IL-20 and vitamin D levels and this score remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between IL-20 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the Child–Pugh score in patients with hepatic cirrhosis due to viral hepatitis. An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from April to December 2025 at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Regional General Hospital, Banda Aceh. A total of 30 patients with hepatic cirrhosis were recruited using purposive sampling. Serum IL-20 and 25(OH)D levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while cirrhosis severity was assessed using the Child–Pugh score. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test. The mean age of participants was 53.8±12.0 years, with a predominance of male patients. Most patients were classified as Child–Pugh class B (60.0%), followed by class C (26.7%) and class A (13.3%). Median vitamin D levels were low and showed a decreasing trend with increasing Child–Pugh class, although this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.222). Median IL-20 levels tended to increase with greater disease severity; however, differences among Child–Pugh classes were also not statistically significant (p=0.179). In addition, Spearman correlation analysis showed no significant association between IL-20 and vitamin D levels (r=0.250; p=0.182). In conclusion, vitamin D levels tended to decrease and IL-20 levels tended to increase with increasing cirrhosis severity based on the Child–Pugh score, although these associations were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that vitamin D and IL-20 may reflect immunological and metabolic alterations in hepatic cirrhosis; however, further studies with larger sample sizes are required to clarify the prognostic value of both biomarkers. Keywords: hepatic cirrhosis, interleukin-20, vitamin D, Child–Pugh, viral hepatitis.