Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Resistensi antibiotik terhadap bakteri patogen khususnya Escherichia coli merupakan permasalahan serius dalam dunia kesehatan, sehingga diperlukan alternatif antibakteri dari sumber bahan alami. Daun ruku-ruku (Ocimum tenuiflorum L.) dikenal mengandung berbagai sumber yang berpotensi sebagai agen antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kemampuan daya hambat ekstrak etanol dari daun ruku-ruku terhadap Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental di laboratorium dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Ekstrak etanol daun ruku-ruku diuji pada lima konsentrasi berbeda, yaitu 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, dan ciprofloxacin sebagai kontrol positif serta CMC 1% sebagai kontrol negatif. Pengujian daya hambat menggunakan metode difusi agar melalui teknik cakram (Kirby-Bauer) pada media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA). Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun ruku-ruku memiliki efek penghambatan terhadap Escherichia coli dengan diameter berkisar dari 6,21 sampai 7,84 mm. Analisis statistik mengindikasikan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi ekstrak berpengaruh signifikan pada diamameter zona hambat (p < 0,05). Namun, daya hambat ekstrak etanol daun ruku-ruku masih jauh di bawah ciprofloxacin. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun ruku-ruku menunjukkan adanya penghambatan terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli, tetapi daya hambatnya masih diklasifikasikan sebagai lemah.

Kata kunci: ekstrak etanol, Escherichia coli, Ocimum tenuiflorum L., zona hambat

Antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli, is a significant global issue, necessitating the search for antibacterial alternatives derived from natural sources. Ruku-ruku leaves (Ocimum tenuiflorum L.) are known to contain various compounds with potential as antibacterial agents. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of an ethanol extract from ruku-ruku leaves on Escherichia coli. This research is an experimental laboratory study with a completely randomized design. The ethanol extract of ruku-ruku leaves was tested at five different concentrations: 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 60%. Ciprofloxacin served as a positive control, and 1% CMC was used as a negative control. The inhibition test was conducted using the agar diffusion method through the disk technique (Kirby-Bauer) on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media. Research findings reveal that the ethanol extract of ruku-ruku leaves has an inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli with a diameter ranging from 6.21 to 7.84 mm. Statistical analysis indicates that differences in extract concentration have a significant effect on the diameter of the inhibition zone (p < 0.05). However, the inhibitory power of ruku-ruku leaf ethanol extract is still far below that of ciprofloxacin. Thus, it can be concluded that ruku-ruku leaf ethanol extract shows inhibition against the growth of Escherichia coli, but its inhibitory power is still classified as weak. Keywords: ethanol extract, Escherichia coli, Ocimum tenuiflorum L., inhibitory zone