Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Tanaman kopi Arabika merupakan komoditas penting di Indonesia, terutama di Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Kabupaten Bener Meriah memiliki luas kebun kopi mencapai 46.273 ha. Produksi kebun kopi tersebut tergolong rendah, di bawah 1 ton/ha. Kondisi ini salah satunya disebabkan oleh rendahnya kualitas tanah. Kualitas tanah sangat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kopi, dengan sifat kimia tanah seperti pH, kandungan organik, nitrogen total (N-total), dan kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) berperan penting dalam menentukan hasil panen. Rendahnya kadar unsur hara dalam tanah menjadi salah satu permasalahan utama sehingga mejadi masalah ketersediaan hara dan penyerapan bagi tanaman. Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan perbaikan sifat kimia tanah pada usaha pertanian kopi dengan pemberian bahan organik berupa dolomit dan kompos.
Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian dolomit dan kompos terhadap perubahan sifat kimia tanah kebun kopi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial. Desain penelitian terdiri dari 9 kombinasi perlakuan, yaitu Dolomit; 0, 0,58 , 1,17 ton ha-1, Kompos; 0, 5, 10 ton ha-1 yang masing masing diulang sebanyak 3 kali, sehingga menghasilkan 27 unit percobaan. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri dari 3 tanaman, sehingga total tanaman yang diamati adalah 81 pohon.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dolomit dan kompos masing-masing berpengaruh nyata terhadap KTK, namun belum bisa mencapai nilai yang dikehendaki tanaman kopi Arabika. Kompos mampu meningkatkan kandungan bahan organik tanah tapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH dan N-total tanah. Interaksi kedua perlakuan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap KTK dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH, N-total dan bahan organik tanah.
Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian dolomit dan kompos tidak memberikan pengaruh pada beberapa sifat kimia seperti pH dan N-total, namun ada peningkatan nilai pada beberapa perlakuan. Selain itu, pemberian dolomit dan kompos mampu memberikan pengaruh terhadap KTK dan kandungan bahan organik tanah secara faktor tunggal

Arabica coffee is a vital commodity in Indonesia, particularly in Bener Meriah Regency. Bener Meriah Regency possesses a coffee plantation area spanning 46,273 hectares. However, the production of these plantations is considered low, averaging below 1 ton/ha. This condition is partly caused by poor soil quality. Soil quality significantly influences the growth and production of coffee plants; chemical properties such as pH, organic matter content, total nitrogen (N-total), and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) play crucial roles in determining crop yields. Low nutrient levels in the soil represent a major issue, leading to problems with nutrient availability and plant uptake. Therefore, it is necessary to improve soil chemical properties in coffee farming through the application of organic materials, specifically dolomite and compost. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of dolomite and compost application on changes in the chemical properties of coffee plantation soil. This study employed a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK). The research design consisted of 9 treatment combinations: Dolomite (0, 0.58, 1.17 ton ha⁻¹) and Compost (0, 5, 10 ton ha⁻¹). Each treatment was replicated 3 times, resulting in 27 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of 3 plants, making a total of 81 observed trees. The results showed that dolomite and compost each had a significant effect on CEC; however, the values did not yet reach the levels desired for Arabica coffee plants. Compost was able to increase soil organic matter content but had no significant effect on soil pH and N-total. The interaction between the two treatments had a significant effect on CEC but no significant effect on pH, N-total, and soil organic matter. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the application of dolomite and compost did not significantly affect certain chemical properties such as pH and N-total, although there was an increase in values in some treatments. Additionally, the application of dolomite and compost significantly influenced CEC and soil organic matter content as single factors.