Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Karya cipta digital berbentuk audiovisual merupakan salah satu karya sinematografi yang dilindungi oleh hukum berdasarkan Pasal 40 ayat (1) huruf m Undang-Undang Hak Cipta No. 28 Tahun 2014 (UUHC). Salah satu contoh karya cipta digital tersebut ialah konten video makanan di YouTube Shorts. Tidak hanya menjadi hiburan bagi penonton konten, namun juga memberikan keuntungan ekonomis berupa bayaran dari jumlah tayangan pada konten video makanan yang diunggah kedalam YouTube Shorts. Tawaran yang diberikan oleh YouTube Shorts tersebut membuat pihak lain mengunggah konten video makanan milik pemilik asli konten video tersebut tanpa izin. Hal tersebutlah yang membuat pelanggaran Hak Cipta karya digital kerap kali terjadi di platform tersebut.

Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bentuk-bentuk pelanggaran, perlindungan hukum, dan upaya hukum bagi pemilik konten video terhadap pelanggaran Hak Cipta terkait mengunggah konten video makanan milik orang lain di YouTube Shorts.

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang dianalisis secara kualitatif.

Konten video makanan yang diunggah kembali di YouTube Shorts telah melanggar hak moral berdasarkan Pasal 5 ayat (1) huruf a dan e UUHC dengan tidak mencantumkan credit atau nama serta mutilasi ciptaan pada konten video makanan tersebut. Pelanggaran lainnya berupa hak ekonomi sesuai ketentuan Pasal 9 ayat (1) huruf b dan g UUHC yaitu menggandakan dan menyebarluaskan kepada publik pada konten video makanan tersebut. Upaya perlindungan hukum preventif yang diberikan kepada pemilik konten video makanan tersebut diatur dalam UUHC Pasal 5 ayat (1) dan Pasal 9 ayat (1) dan (2) UUHC, sedangkan upaya perlindungan represif diatur di Pasal 95 ayat (1) UUHC mengenai penyelesaian sengketa Hak Cipta dan Pasal 113 ayat (3) UUHC tentang denda pidana apabila diajukan gugatan. Upaya yang dapat ditempuh oleh pemilik konten video dapat mendaftarkan karya ciptanya ke Kemenkum melalui Sistem Informasi Kekayaan Intelektual yang dikelola oleh Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual serta dapat melaporkan kepada Kemenkum yang kemudian pelaksanaanya dilakukan oleh Kemenkominfo terkait penutupan konten dan hak akses pada konten video makanan yang diunggah kembali tersebut sesuai dengan Peraturan Bersama Menkumham dan Menkominfo No. 14 Tahun 2015/No. 26 Tahun 2015.

Disarankan pemerintah mengedukasi kepada masyarakat bahwa konten video yang diunggah ke dalam YouTube Shorts merupakan karya cipta digital yang dilindungi, proaktif dalam mengatur dan mengawasinya menyesuaikan UUHC, serta meningkatkan penegakan hukumnya. Disarankan YouTube Shorts agar memperkuat sistem pendeteksian pelanggaran Hak Cipta bekerja sama dengan Kemenkominfo sebagai upaya perlindungan hukum Hak Cipta bagi Pencipta. Disarankan pemilik konten video mendaftarkan ciptaannya dan melaporkan kepada kepada Kemenkum yang kemudian pelaksanaanya dilakukan oleh Kemenkominfo untuk dilakukan penutupan dan hak akses pada konten video makanan yang diunggah kembali oleh pihak lain.

Digital copyrighted works in the form of audiovisual content constitute one category of cinematographic works that are legally protected under Article 40 paragraph (1) letter m of Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright (hereinafter referred to as the Copyright Law). One example of such digital copyrighted works is food video content on YouTube Shorts. In addition to serving as entertainment for viewers, this type of content also provides economic benefits in the form of monetary remuneration based on the number of views generated by the uploaded videos on YouTube Shorts. These incentives have encouraged certain parties to re-upload food video content owned by the original creators without obtaining permission. As a result, copyright infringement of digital works frequently occurs on this platform. This study aims to explain the forms of copyright infringement, legal protection, and legal remedies available to video content creators in relation to copyright violations arising from the unauthorized re-uploading of food video content on YouTube Shorts. The research method employed in this study is normative juridical research, utilizing a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The study relies on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which are analyzed qualitatively. The re-uploading of food video content on YouTube Shorts constitutes a violation of moral rights as stipulated in Article 5 paragraph (1) letters a and e of the Copyright Law, due to the failure to provide attribution or credit to the creator and the mutilation of the original work. Further violations involve economic rights as regulated under Article 9 paragraph (1) letters b and g of the Copyright Law, namely the reproduction and public dissemination of the food video content. Preventive legal protection for food video content creators is provided under Article 5 paragraph (1) and Article 9 paragraphs (1) and (2) of the Copyright Law. Meanwhile, repressive legal protection is regulated under Article 95 paragraph (1) of the Copyright Law concerning copyright dispute resolution, as well as Article 113 paragraph (3) of the Copyright Law regarding criminal fines in the event that legal action is pursued. Legal remedies available to content creators include registering their works with the Ministry of Law and Human Rights through the Intellectual Property Information System administered by the Directorate General of Intellectual Property, as well as submitting reports to the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, the implementation of which is carried out by the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology concerning the takedown of content and restriction of access to re-uploaded food video content, in accordance with the Joint Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights and the Minister of Communication and Information Technology Number 14 of 2015/Number 26 of 2015. It is recommended that the government educate the public on the fact that video content uploaded to YouTube Shorts constitutes protected digital copyrighted works, actively regulate and supervise such content in accordance with the Copyright Law, and enhance law enforcement efforts. It is also recommended that YouTube Shorts strengthen its copyright infringement detection system in cooperation with the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology as a measure to provide copyright protection for creators. Furthermore, video content creators are encouraged to register their works and submit reports to the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, with implementation carried out by the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, to ensure the takedown and restriction of access to food video content that has been re-uploaded by unauthorized parties.