Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK

Kanker paru merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian di dunia, dengan sebagian besar kasus terdiagnosis pada stadium lanjut. Merokok berperan penting dalam peningkatan kejadian kanker paru sekaligus menyebabkan penurunan fungsi paru yang berkaitan dengan prognosis buruk. Fungsi paru dapat dinilai secara sederhana melalui pengukuran Arus Puncak Ekspirasi (APE) menggunakan peak flow meter, namun penelitian mengenai APE pada pasien kanker paru masih terbatas karena sebagian besar penelitian menggunakan spirometri sebagai metode utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik klinis, derajat merokok, dan nilai APE pada pasien kanker paru di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan November hingga Desember dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 pasien, yang diambil menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung, pemeriksaan APE dengan peak flow meter, dan dilengkapi dengan informasi dari rekam medis pasien. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat. Mayoritas pasien berusia 40–59 tahun (50%) dan didominasi oleh laki-laki (77,5%). Sebagian besar pasien didiagnosis dengan karsinoma sel skuamosa (50%) dan berada pada stadium IV A (52,5%). Sebanyak 75% pasien merupakan perokok berat dengan Indeks Brinkman ≥ 600. Nilai APE bervariasi antara 70–390 L/menit dengan rata-rata 151,5 ± 67,6 L/menit, yang bernilai lebih rendah dari nilai normal. Sebanyak 72,5% pasien telah menjalani kemoterapi, dengan regimen terbanyak kombinasi karboplatin dan vinorelbine (31%).

Kata Kunci: Kanker paru, derajat merokok, Arus Puncak Ekspirasi (APE), peak flow meter

ABSTRACT Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with most cases being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Smoking plays an important role in the increasing incidence of lung cancer and also contributes to impaired lung function, which is associated with a poor prognosis. Lung function can be simply assessed by measuring Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) using a peak flow meter. However, studies focusing on PEF in patients with lung cancer remain limited because most research still relies on spirometry as the primary method. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, smoking degree, and PEF values among patients with lung cancer at RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh.This study used a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach and was conducted from November to December, including 40 patients selected using consecutive sampling. Data were collected through direct interviews, PEF measurements using a peak flow meter, and review of medical records. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis. Most patients were aged 40–59 years (50%) and were predominantly male (77.5%). The majority were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma (50%) and were at stage IVA (52.5%). Seventy-five percent of patients were heavy smokers with a Brinkman Index of 600 or higher. PEF values ranged from 70 to 390 L/min, with a mean of 151.5 ± 67.6 L/min, which was lower than normal reference values. In addition, 72.5% of patients had undergone chemotherapy, with the most common regimen being a combination of carboplatin and vinorelbine (31%). Keywords: Lung cancer, smoking degree, Peak Expiratory Flow, peak flow meter