Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Gagal ginjal kronik (GGK) adalah kelainan pada struktur atau fungsi ginjal yang telah berlangsung selama 3 bulan atau lebih yang berdampak pada kesehatan tubuh terutama organ penderitanya. Pengukuran kadar kreatinin, ureum, dan asam urat sangat penting untuk menggambarkan kondisi pasien GGK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik pasien serta kadar kreatinin, ureum, dan asam urat pada pasien GGK di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan observasional dan desain cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling terhadap 50 pasien gagal ginjal kronik di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin periode Januari 2023 hingga Desember 2024. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis dan dianalisis secara univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dominasi kelompok usia 45–59 tahun (46%), mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki-laki (56%), sebagian besar pasien berada pada GGK stadium 1 (58%), mayoritas berpendidikan SMA/sederajat, dan jenis pekerjaan dominan adalah wiraswasta/buruh/pedagang/petani/nelayan (38%). Seluruh pasien memiliki kadar kreatinin tinggi, diikuti kadar ureum dan asam urat tinggi pada 42 orang (84%). Kadar kreatinin berada pada rentang 1,24 hingga 12,34 mg/dL dengan rerata 4,13 ±2,80 mg/dL. Kadar ureum berkisar antara 20 hingga 268 mg/dL dengan rerata 88,58 ±51,29 mg/dL. Sementara kadar asam urat berkisar antara 5,10 mg/dL dan 17,50 mg/dL dengan rerata 8,77 ±2,26 mg/dL. Pasien gagal ginjal kronik di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin didominasi oleh stadium awal penyakit. Peningkatan kadar kreatinin dapat terjadi tanpa selalu disertai peningkatan kadar ureum dan asam urat, yang menunjukkan adanya variasi respons kadar kreatinin, ureum, dan asam urat pada gagal ginjal kronik stadium awal.

Kata Kunci: Gagal Ginjal Kronik, Kreatinin, Ureum, Asam Urat.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disorder of kidney structure or function that persists for three months or longer and adversely affects overall health, particularly the organs of affected individuals. Measurement of creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels is essential to describe the clinical condition of patients with CKD. This study aimed to describe patient characteristics as well as creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels among CKD patients at RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin. This was a descriptive study with an observational approach and a cross-sectional design. Sampling was conducted using a purposive sampling technique involving 50 patients with chronic kidney disease at RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin during the period from January 2023 to December 2024. Data were obtained from medical records and analyzed using univariate analysis. The results showed that the largest age group was 45–59 years (46%), with the majority of patients being male (56%). Most patients were classified as having stage 1 CKD (58%), the majority had an educational level of senior high school or equivalent, and the dominant occupations were self-employed workers/laborers/traders/farmers/fishermen (38%). All patients had elevated creatinine levels, followed by elevated urea and uric acid levels in 42 patients (84%). Creatinine levels ranged from 1.24 to 12.34 mg/dL, with a mean of 4.13 ±2.80 mg/dL. Urea levels ranged from 20 to 268 mg/dL, with a mean of 88.58 ±51.29 mg/dL. Meanwhile, uric acid levels ranged from 5.10 to 17.50 mg/dL, with a mean of 8.77 ±2.26 mg/dL. Patients with chronic kidney disease at RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin were predominantly in the early stages of the disease. Increased creatinine levels may occur without always being accompanied by elevated urea and uric acid levels, indicating variability in creatinine, urea, and uric acid responses in early-stage chronic kidney disease. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Creatinine, Urea, Uric Acid.