Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) merupakan bahan restoratif dengan kemampuan pelepasan fluoridanya yang berperan dalam proses remineralisasi karies. Kekurangannya terletak pada ketahanan terhadap abrasi dan keausan yang dipengaruhi oleh sifat kekerasan permukaan. Peningkatan kekerasan permukaan GIC dapat dilakukan melalui penambahan nano hidroksiapatit tulang sapi. Nano Hidroksiapatit (nHAp) merupakan partikel berukuran nanometer (nm) yang biokompatibel, memiliki komposisi dan struktur kristal apatit yang mirip dengan struktur gigi serta tulang manusia. Pada penelitian ini, partikel nHAp diperoleh dari tulang sapi yang dikalsinasi pada suhu 900 oC, kemudian diproses menggunakan metode ball milling pada kecepatan 400 rpm selama 24 jam untuk menghasilkan partikel berukuran nm. Sejumlah 12 spesimen berbentuk silinder dengan diameter 5 mm dan tinggi 2 mm dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan dengan penambahan nHAp pada konsentrasi 5%, 7%, dan 9%. Kekerasan permukaan GIC diukur menggunakan Vickers Microhardness Tester dan hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kekerasan permukaan GIC meningkat seiiring dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi nHAp, dengan peningkatan tertinggi pada kelompok penambahan nHAp dengan konsentrasi 9%. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji one way anova yang menunjukkan nilai kekerasan meningkat secara signifikan dengan nilai p

Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) is a restorative material with fluoride release that contributes to caries remineralization. Its main drawback lies in its resistance to abrasion and wear, which is influenced by surface hardness. The improvement of surface hardness can be achieved through the addition of nano-hydroxyapatite derived from bovine bone. Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) is a biocompatible nanoparticle that possesses a composition and apatite crystal structure similar to that of human teeth and bone. In this study, nHAp was obtained from bovine bone calcined at a temperature of 900°C, followed by processing using the ball milling method at a speed of 400 rpm for 24 hours to produce nanosized particles. The addition of nHAp to determine the effect of incorporating nano-hydroxyapatite from bovine bone into GIC on surface hardness. A total of 12 cylindrical specimens (5 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height) were divided into four groups: one control group and three experimental groups with nHAp concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 9%. Surface hardness was measured using a Vickers Microhardness Tester, and the results showed that the surface hardness of GIC increased with higher concentrations of nHAp, with the highest value observed in the 9% nHAp group. The data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test, which showed that hardness values increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the groups with the addition of nHAp at concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 9%. The conclusion is that the addition of bovine bone–derived nHAp at concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 9% in GIC can effectively enhance its surface hardness. Keywords: Nano Hydroxyapatite, Glass Ionomer Cement, Surface Hardness