Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Fusarium sp. merupakan cendawan patogen tular tanah penyebab penyakit layu fusarium pada bawang merah yang dapat menurunkan hasil hingga 50%. Pengendalian yang umum dilakukan petani masih bergantung pada pestisida sintetik yang berpotensi menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan, sehingga diperlukan alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan, salah satunya menggunakan ekoenzim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi ekoenzim yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Fusarium sp. secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan pada Januari–Agustus 2025 menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) nonfaktorial dengan 5 perlakuan konsentrasi ekoenzim dan 4 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan koloni, diameter koloni, persentase daya hambat, dan jumlah konidia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekoenzim memengaruhi warna, arah pertumbuhan, dan ketebalan miselium koloni Fusarium sp. Diameter koloni terendah terdapat pada konsentrasi 4% yaitu 18,42 mm pada 10 HSI. Persentase daya hambat tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi 8% sebesar 80,16%, sedangkan jumlah konidia terendah terdapat pada konsentrasi 6% yaitu 1,61 × 10³ konidia/ml. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekoenzim mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, tanin, dan steroid. Disimpulkan bahwa konsentrasi ekoenzim 8% merupakan konsentrasi paling efektif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan Fusarium sp. secara in vitro.

Fusarium sp. is a soil-borne pathogenic fungus that causes fusarium wilt in shallots, which can reduce yields by up to 50%. The control methods commonly used by farmers still rely on synthetic pesticides that have the potential to cause negative impacts on the environment, so environmentally friendly control alternatives are needed, one of which is the use of ecoenzymes. This study aimed to determine the effective concentration of ecoenzymes in inhibiting the growth of Fusarium sp. in vitro. The study was conducted from January to August 2025 using a nonfactorial completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 ecoenzyme concentration treatments and 4 replicates. The parameters observed included colony growth, colony diameter, inhibition percentage, and number of conidia. The results showed that ecoenzymes affected the color, growth direction, and thickness of Fusarium sp. colony mycelium. The lowest colony diameter was found at a concentration of 4%, which was 18.42 mm at 10 HSI. The highest inhibition percentage was obtained at a concentration of 8%, which was 80.16%, while the lowest number of conidia was found at a concentration of 6%, which was 1.61 × 10³ conidia/ml. The phytochemical test results showed that the ecoenzyme contained alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, and steroids. It was concluded that an 8% ecoenzyme concentration is the most effective concentration for inhibiting the growth of Fusarium sp. in vitro.