Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) merupakan salah satu infeksi terbanyak di layanan rawat jalan, namun data pola kuman dan sensitivitas antimikroba di RSUDZA belum pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi kultur positif, distribusi pola kuman, serta hasil uji kepekaan antimikroba pada sampel urine pasien ISK di Poli Klinik Rawat Jalan RSUDZA tahun 2021–2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif dengan analisis retrospektif terhadap data sekunder hasil kultur urine dan uji kepekaan dari Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik RSUDZA. Sampel diambil menggunakan total sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan prevalensi kultur positif selama periode penelitian. Distribusi mikroorganisme didominasi oleh bakteri Gram negatif, terutama Escherichia coli sebagai patogen tersering, diikuti Klebsiella pneumoniae. Bakteri Gram positif ditemukan dalam jumlah lebih sedikit. Uji kepekaan menunjukkan bahwa meropenem merupakan antimikroba paling efektif terhadap sebagian besar bakteri Gram negatif maupun Gram positif, sementara resistensi tinggi ditemukan terhadap ampisilin dan amoxicillin–clavulanate. Kesimpul pada penelirian ini adalah terdapat peningkatan prevalensi kultur positif dengan dominasi bakteri Gram negatif, khususnya E. coli. Meropenem terbukti sebagai antimikroba paling efektif berdasarkan pola kepekaan yang ditemukan.
Kata kunci: Antimikroba, Infeksi Saluran Kemih, Kultur Urine, Pola Kuman, Uji Kepekaan

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in outpatient settings, yet data on bacterial patterns and antimicrobial susceptibility at RSUDZA have not been previously reported. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of positive urine cultures, the distribution of bacterial isolates, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among UTI patients at the Outpatient Clinic of RSUDZA from 2021 to 2024. This descriptive quantitative study used a retrospective approach analyzing secondary data from urine cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility tests obtained from the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of RSUDZA. Samples were selected using a total sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages. The results showed an increasing trend in positive culture prevalence throughout the study period. Gram-negative bacteria dominated, with Escherichia coli being the most common pathogen, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Gram-positive bacteria were less frequently isolated. Meropenem demonstrated the highest effectiveness against most Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates, while notable resistance was observed against ampicillin and amoxicillin–clavulanate. In conclusion, the prevalence of positive cultures increased over the study period, with Gram-negative bacteria, particularly E. Coli as the predominant pathogens. Meropenem was identified as the most effective antimicrobial based on susceptibility patterns. Keywords: Antimicrobial, Bacterial Pattern, Susceptibility Test, Urinary Tract Infection, Urine Culture