Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penelitian ini menganalisis sinkronisasi sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya
(PLTS) on-grid satu fasa menggunakan inverter multilevel 47 level tipe Cascaded
H-Bridge (CHB). Simulasi dilakukan dengan MATLAB untuk mengevaluasi
kesesuaian tegangan, frekuensi, dan fasa antara inverter dan jaringan listrik (grid).
Pengujian meliputi tiga kondisi utama, yaitu perbedaan fasa, frekuensi, dan
tegangan.Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan sudut fasa berpengaruh
terhadap arah aliran daya dan efisiensi sistem. Saat grid mendahului inverter,
daya utama disuplai oleh grid sebesar 8.632,80 W, sedangkan inverter hanya
menyumbang 3.065,01 W. Sebaliknya, ketika inverter mendahului grid, daya
inverter meningkat menjadi 11.418,15 W. Pada kondisi sinkronisasi ideal,
tegangan inverter 220,6 V, grid 220 V, dan beban 220,4 V, dengan arus inverter
32,80 A dan grid 20,55 A, menghasilkan distribusi daya seimbang dengan rugi
daya hanya 8,36 W. Hasil pengujian frekuensi menunjukkan bahwa sistem tetap
stabil meskipun terjadi perbedaan hingga ±2,5 Hz, dengan rugi daya -5,05 W.
Sementara itu, perbedaan tegangan memperlihatkan bahwa saat tegangan inverter
lebih besar dari grid, daya inverter mencapai 9.951,54 W, sedangkan saat lebih
kecil hanya 4.533,27 W.Secara keseluruhan, sistem PLTS on-grid dengan inverter
multilevel 47 level mampu mencapai sinkronisasi yang baik dengan selisih
tegangan ±2%, perbedaan frekuensi ±0,1 Hz, dan pergeseran fasa kurang dari 5°,
sehingga sistem dapat bekerja paralel dengan grid secara efisien dan stabil.
Kata Kunci : PLTS on-grid, Sinkronisasi, Inverter Multilevel, Cascaded H
Bridge, Efisiensi

This study analyzes the synchronization of a single-phase on-grid Solar Power Plant (SPP) system using a 47-level Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) multilevel inverter. Simulations were performed using MATLAB to evaluate the compatibility of voltage, frequency, and phase between the inverter and the power grid. The testing covered three main conditions, namely phase, frequency, and voltage differences. The simulation results show that phase angle differences affect the direction of power flow and system efficiency. When the grid leads the inverter, the main power is supplied by the grid at 8,632.80 W, while the inverter only contributes 3,065.01 W. Conversely, when the inverter leads the grid, the inverter power increases to 11,418.15 W. Under ideal synchronization conditions, the inverter voltage is 220.6 V, the grid voltage is 220 V, and the load voltage is 220.4 V, with an inverter current of 32.80 A and a grid current of 20.55 A, resulting in a balanced power distribution with a power loss of only 8.36 W. Frequency testing results show that the system remains stable even with differences of up to ±2.5 Hz, with a power loss of -5.05 W. Meanwhile, voltage differences show that when the inverter voltage is greater than the grid, the inverter power reaches 9,951.54 W, while when it is smaller, it is only 4,533.27 W. Overall, the on-grid PV system with a 47-level multilevel inverter is capable of achieving good synchronization with a voltage difference of ±2%, a frequency difference of ±0.1 Hz, and a phase shift of less than 5°, allowing the system to work in parallel with the grid efficiently and stably. Keywords: On-grid PV system, Synchronization, Multilevel Inverter, Cascaded H-Bridge, Efficiency