Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi komposisi zeolit alam dan arang tempurung kelapa terhadap sifat fisis, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), dan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Pada keramik berpori sebagai filter air, sampel dibuat dengan variasi komposisi zeolit: arang tempurung kelapa sebesar 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, dan 60:40 (% wt) dan media air sebanyak 15 mL sebagai perekat. Zeolit dan arang tempurung kelapa dihancurkan, kemudian dilakukan proses pengeringan arang pada suhu 50°C selama 24 jam, diayak hingga lolos ayakan 100 mesh. Campuran bahan dicetak berbentuk silinder berdiameter 32 mm dan tinggi 15 mm, kemudian dikeringkan kembali pada suhu 50°C selama 24 jam. Setelah itu dilakukan proses sintering pada suhu 900°C selama 4 jam untuk membentuk struktur keramik berpori. Pengujian meliputi sifat fisis (susut kering, susut bakar, densitas, dan porositas dan laju aliran air), kemudian uji TDS terhadap air kran dan air limbah tahu, serta analisis morfologi pori menggunakan SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan komposisi arang tempurung kelapa menurunkan densitas dan meningkatkan porositas serta laju aliran air pada keramik berpori. Komposisi 60:40 % wt menghasilkan porositas tertinggi sebesar 40%, densitas terendah 1,02 g/cm³, dan laju aliran air tertinggi 0,792 mL/detik yang masih berada dalam standar Potters for Peace (0,28–0,83 mL/detik). Uji TDS menunjukkan penurunan dari 328 ppm menjadi 163 ppm pada air kran (50,30%) dan dari 1037 ppm menjadi 541 ppm pada air limbah tahu (47,83%). Analisis SEM memperlihatkan peningkatan jumlah pori akibat pembakaran karbon selama proses sintering pada suhu tinggi yang memperluas permukaan filtrasi. Dengan demikian, keramik berpori berbasis zeolit alam dan arang tempurung kelapa berpotensi sebagai media filtrasi air yang efektif, ekonomis, dan ramah lingkungan untuk meningkatkan kualitas air bersih.

Kata kunci: Zeolit alam, arang tempurung kelapa, keramik berpori, filtrasi air, sintering, TDS.

This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in the composition of natural zeolite and coconut shell charcoal on the physical properties, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). On porous ceramics as water filters, samples were made with variations in the composition of zeolite: coconut shell charcoal of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40 (% wt) and 15 mL of water as an adhesive. Zeolite and coconut shell charcoal were crushed, then the charcoal was dried at 50°C for 24 hours, sieved until it passed a 100 mesh sieve. The mixture of materials was molded into a cylinder with a diameter of 32 mm and a height of 15 mm, then dried again at 50°C for 24 hours. After that, the sintering process was carried out at 900°C for 4 hours to form a porous ceramic structure. The tests included physical properties (dry shrinkage, burning shrinkage, density, porosity, and water flow rate), then TDS test on tap water and tofu wastewater, as well as pore morphology analysis using SEM. The results showed that increasing the composition of coconut shell charcoal reduced density and increased porosity and water flow rate in porous ceramics. The composition of 60:40 % wt produced the highest porosity of 40%, the lowest density of 1.02 g/cm³, and the highest water flow rate of 0.792 mL/s which were still within the Potters for Peace standard (0.28–0.83 mL/s). The TDS test showed a decrease from 328 ppm to 163 ppm in tap water (50.30%) and from 1037 ppm to 541 ppm in tofu wastewater (47.83%). SEM analysis showed an increase in the number of pores due to carbon combustion during the sintering process at high temperatures which expanded the filtration surface. Thus, porous ceramics based on natural zeolite and coconut shell charcoal have the potential to be effective, economical, and environmentally friendly water filtration media to improve clean water quality. Keywords: Natural zeolite, coconut shell charcoal, porous ceramics, water filtration, sintering, TDS.