Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Prarancangan pabrik gliserol dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gliserol dalam negeri yang terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah Crude Palm Oil (CPO), karena memiliki kandungan trigliserida tinggi sebesar 95,6% serta ketersediaannya yang melimpah di Indonesia. Proses produksi dilakukan menggunakan metode continuous fat splitting, yaitu proses hidrolisis tanpa katalis dalam reaktor menara bertekanan dan bersuhu tinggi. Proses ini terdiri dari tiga tahap utama, yaitu persiapan bahan baku, reaksi hidrolisis, dan pemurnian gliserol. Pabrik dirancang dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 30.000 ton gliserol per tahun. Lokasi pabrik dipilih di Ujung Rambung, Kecamatan Perbaungan, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai, Provinsi Sumatera Utara, karena dekat dengan sumber bahan baku, akses distribusi, serta sarana dan prasarana yang memadai. Produk utama berupa gliserol dengan kemurnian 99,5% dan produk samping berupa asam lemak bebas yang bernilai ekonomis. Perusahaan berbentuk Perseroan Terbatas (PT) dengan struktur organisasi garis dan staf serta mempekerjakan 117 orang. Kebutuhan air untuk operasional sebesar 75.310,04 kg/jam, diperoleh dari Sungai Padang dan diolah dalam unit pengolahan air. Energi listrik yang dibutuhkan sebesar 6.799,19 kW, disuplai dari PLN dan generator cadangan.
Hasil analisis ekonomi dari prarancangan pabrik ini adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) = Rp 1.033.999.056.707
2. Working Capital Investment (WCI) = Rp 258.499.764.178
3. Total Capital Investment (TCI) = Rp 1.292.498.820.83
4. Total Biaya Produksi = Rp 8.707.293.969.997
5. Hasil Penjualan = Rp 9.533.968.928.872
6. Laba Bersih = Rp 620.006.219.156
7. Pay Out Time (POT) = 1,78 tahun
8. Break Even Point (BEP) = 19,3%
9. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) = 31,34%
Berdasarkan studi kelayakan teknis dan ekonomis di atas, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa prarancangan pabrik gliserol ini layak untuk dilanjutkan ke tahap konstruksi.

The preliminary design of a glycerol plant was conducted to meet the increasing domestic demand for glycerol each year. The raw material used is Crude Palm Oil (CPO), which contains a high triglyceride content of 95.6% and is abundantly available in Indonesia. The production process uses the continuous fat splitting method, a non-catalytic hydrolysis process carried out in a high-pressure and high-temperature column reactor. This process consists of three main stages: raw material preparation, hydrolysis reaction, and glycerol purification. The plant is designed with a production capacity of 30,000 tons of glycerol per year. The plant location is selected in Ujung Rambung, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province, due to its proximity to raw material sources, distribution access, and adequate infrastructure. The main product is glycerol with 99.5% purity, along with free fatty acids as a valuable by-product. The company is structured as a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a line and staff organizational structure, employing 117 personnel. The plant requires 75,310.04 kg/h of water, sourced from the Padang River and treated in a water treatment unit. The electrical energy requirement is 6,799.19 kW, supplied by the national grid (PLN) and a backup generator. The economic analysis results are as follows: 1. Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) = Rp 1.033.999.056.707 2. Working Capital Investment (WCI) = Rp 258.499.764.178 3. Total Capital Investment (TCI) = Rp 1.292.498.820.83 4. Total Production Cost = Rp 8.707.293.969.997 5. Sales Revenue = Rp 9.533.968.928.872 6. Net Profit = Rp 620.006.219.156 7. Pay Out Time (POT) = 1,78 years 8. Break Even Point (BEP) = 19,3% 9. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) = 31,34% Based on the technical and economic feasibility study, it is concluded that the glycerol plant design is feasible to proceed to the construction phase.