Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kerusakan hutan dan degradasi lahan merupakan tantangan serius bagi keberlanjutan lingkungan di Indonesia. Program Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan (RHL) digagas pemerintah untuk memulihkan fungsi ekologis dan sosial kawasan hutan. Kabupaten Gayo Lues, sebagai daerah dengan tutupan hutan luas namun terdegradasi, menjadi lokasi penting untuk implementasi program ini. Namun, keberhasilan program tidak hanya ditentukan oleh aspek teknis, melainkan juga oleh tingkat kepuasan masyarakat sebagai penerima manfaat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kepuasan masyarakat terhadap pelaksanaan program RHL serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang dilakukan di tiga desa, yaitu Desa Akul, Desa Tongra, dan Desa Suri Musara. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles et.al (2014) yang mencakup reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan dan verifikasi kesimpulan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh responden mengetahui keberadaan program RHL dan mayoritas menganggap program ini penting. Namun demikian, tingkat kepuasan masyarakat bervariasi antar desa. Di Desa Akul, masyarakat cenderung tidak puas akibat pelaksanaan yang kurang baik, minimnya dampak yang dirasakan, serta kegagalan tanaman. Sebaliknya, di Desa Suri Musara dan Tongra, tingkat kepuasan cenderung lebih tinggi karena masyarakat mulai merasakan manfaat ekologis dan sosial, meskipun masih terdapat kekurangan dalam aspek pemeliharaan dan monitoring. Faktor-faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kepuasan masyarakat meliputi partisipasi dalam perencanaan, manfaat ekonomi yang dirasakan, kesesuaian jenis tanaman dengan kebutuhan lokal, serta efektivitas pelaksanaan program. Rendahnya partisipasi, kurangnya transparansi, dan keterbatasan pasca pelaksanaan menjadi penghambat keberhasilan program di beberapa lokasi.
Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa keberhasilan program RHL tidak hanya ditentukan oleh aspek teknis seperti jenis tanaman dan pelaksanaan, tetapi sangat bergantung pada keterlibatan dan kepuasan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mengedepankan pendekatan partisipatif, transparan, serta memperkuat pendampingan dan evaluasi dalam pelaksanaan program rehabilitasi ke depan.

Forest destruction and land degradation are serious challenges to environmental sustainability in Indonesia. The Forest and Land Rehabilitation Program (RHL) was initiated by the government to restore the ecological and social functions of forest areas. Gayo Lues Regency, as an area with extensive but degraded forest cover, is an important location for the implementation of this program. However, the success of the program is not only determined by technical aspects, but also by the level of satisfaction of the community as beneficiaries. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the level of community satisfaction with the implementation of the RHL program and identify the factors that influence it. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach conducted in three villages, namely Akul Village, Tongra Village, and Suri Musara Village. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles et al. (2014), which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing and verification. The results showed that all respondents were aware of the RHL program, and the majority considered it important. However, the level of community satisfaction varied between villages. In Akul Village, the community tended to be dissatisfied due to poor implementation, minimal perceived impact, and crop failure. Conversely, in Suri Musara and Tongra Villages, the level of satisfaction tended to be higher because the community began to feel the ecological and social benefits, although there were still shortcomings in terms of maintenance and monitoring. The main factors affecting community satisfaction include participation in planning, perceived economic benefits, suitability of plant types to local needs, and program implementation effectiveness. Low participation, lack of transparency, and post-implementation limitations hinder program success in some locations. The conclusion of this study is that the success of the RHL program is not only determined by technical aspects such as plant types and implementation, but also depends heavily on community involvement and satisfaction. Therefore, it is important to prioritize a participatory and transparent approach, as well as to strengthen assistance and evaluation in the implementation of future rehabilitation programs.